Monument to the Three-Zhu Revolutionary Struggle

Monument to the Three-Zhu Revolutionary Struggle

The Monument to the Three-Zhu Revolutionary Struggle is a cultural heritage site under the protection of Quangang District and a classic red tourism destination.

The Monument to the Three-Zhu Revolutionary Struggle is located on Beicai Cave Mountain behind Houzhai Natural Village in Sanzhu Village, Qianhuang Town, Quangang District, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province.

It was erected in 1990 by the People's Government of Hui'an County. The monument stands 7.1 meters tall and is made of a white granite square column. The front of the monument bears the inscription “Monument to the Three-Zhu Revolutionary Struggle,” written by Comrade Peng Deqing, former Minister of Transport, while the back features an inscription detailing the revolutionary struggles of the Three-Zhu area.

Under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, the people of Sanzhu participated in — and peasant movements starting from the period of the Great Revolution, and later steadfastly upheld the revolution through the Agrarian Revolutionary War, the War of Resistance against Japan, and the War of Liberation, engaging in continual battle. Sanzhu Village was a revolutionary stronghold where “the red flag never fell.” For a considerable period, it served as the base and activity center of the Hui'an County Party organization, the location of the underground communication station of the Central Fujian Committee, and the main birthplace of many significant struggles and movements led by the Party.

In November 1926, the Northern Expeditionary Army captured Hui'an, and the tide of the National Revolution surged ever higher. Zhu Hanying, who was studying in Hui'an County, resolutely joined the struggle against imperialism, feudalism, and warlords, organizing peasant associations in the areas of Sanzhu, Qianhuang, and Shanyao. On February 16, 1927, under the leadership of the Provisional County Committee of the CCP Hui'an, Zhu Hanying, along with over 500 students and peasant association members from Hui'an County, Tuling, and Qianhuang, forcibly shut down the secret society “Tongshanshe” in Hui'an County and Tuling, reclaiming control of the Hui (An)–Luoyang Highway, which had been monopolized by the notorious bandit Wang Lian.

In the summer of 1930, the CCP Fujian Provincial Committee, along with the Quanzhou and Hui'an County Committees, prepared for an armed uprising in Hui'an. Zhu Hanying assisted in establishing secret communication lines between eastern and northern Hui'an and set up an underground station at his home. On July 6, Lan Feihe, Organization Committee member of the Quanzhou Special Committee of the CCP, along with comrades Wu Dunren, Chen Xinggui, and Chen Dongshui, mobilized nearly a thousand peasants from Lukou, Lingxi, Tuling, Sanzhu, and Qianshao to attack the notorious bandit Wang Hanmin, who was also the Kuomintang’s Hui'an Purge Commissioner, at Tianchuan in Lingxi. During the fierce battle, Zhu Chengji, a peasant association member and leader of the armed forces of the “Eighteen Villages,” was killed. In July, Chen Pingshan, Military Committee Secretary of the Quanzhou Special Committee, and Lan Feifeng, Propaganda Committee member, introduced Zhu Hanying to the CCP and established the Sanzhu Branch of the CCP at his home, with Chen Pingshan serving as branch secretary.

In June 1931, Shen Yuquan, Secretary of the CCP Hui'an County Committee, restored party organizations in Tuling, Pu’an, Shanyao, and Sanzhu. In September, Li Wenrui succeeded as County Secretary, and the county committee offices were successively located in Pu’an and Sanzhu. More than 30 party organizations and contact points were established, over 100 party members were developed, and a guerrilla base in northern Hui'an was created.

In 1932, the CCP Xiamen Central Municipal Committee sent inspector Cai Xieming to Sanzhu, where he stayed at Zhu Hanying’s home. Together with the Hui'an County Committee, he led a joint armed struggle against the oppressive “oil garden tax” levied by Chen Guohui’s troops of the Kuomintang, coordinating with the Central Red Army’s attack on Zhangzhou and diverting enemy forces. The County Committee formed a guerrilla detachment of over 40 members—the Fujian Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army Hui'an Guerrilla Detachment—and established the Anti-Tax Alliance at Kunshan Temple, setting up an anti-tax command post at Zhu Hanying’s home. From March 14 to 16, the guerrilla detachment and several thousand anti-tax peasant fighters from the surrounding “Eighteen Villages,” Shanyao, Batai, and Guocuo surrounded Chen Guohui’s troops stationed in Batai, rescuing detained enlightened gentry such as Zhu — and repeatedly attacking reinforcements, killing over 20 enemies. During the battle, anti-tax activist Zhang Youcai was killed and three others injured. After more than three months of arduous struggle, the anti-tax campaign was ultimately victorious.

In 1939, Zhu Hanying was ordered to return to Sanzhu from Jinjiang to rebuild the communication station, tasked with ensuring the food, lodging, safety, and concealment of underground party comrades traveling north and south. In May 1940, Xu Yunhuo, a member of the Quanzhou Central County Committee, took charge of the Hui'an Special Branch, shifting its base to Sanzhu. In June 1942, Zhu Lunyan was appointed as the Hui'an Special Commissioner by the Quanzhou Provisional Work Committee of the CCP, and a communication station connecting the Southern Fujian (Central Fujian) Committee and the Quanzhou Provisional Work Committee was established at Zhu Hanying’s home in Sanzhu. Thereafter, many comrades from the Provincial Committee, Southern Fujian (Central Fujian), Quanzhou, and Hui'an party organizations—including Xu Yunhuo, Zhu Lunyan, Liu Zupi, Chen Chunyuan, Lin Pingfan, Wang Jingxian, Zhang Haitian, and Wang Fuqing—successively concealed themselves and operated in Sanzhu, sometimes numbering over 20. The Sanzhu communication station became an important hub for the Central Fujian Committee.

In June 1946, the Southern Fujian Special Committee of the CCP decided to establish the Hui'an County Working Committee, appointing Lin Pingfan as secretary, with Zhu Hanying assisting in the work. The County Working Committee offices were located at the Sanzhu communication station.

In October 1947, the Southern Fujian Committee of the CCP secretly convened a meeting in the stone cave of Dahushou at Sanzhu to convey the spirit of the “August 28” meeting of the Fujian–Zhejiang–Jiangxi Provincial Committee regarding launching mass guerrilla warfare and mobilizing the masses for survival. The meeting deployed the Party’s work in the Southern Fujian region. Leaders of the Southern Fujian Committee, including Huang Guozhang, Lin Runan, Zhu Zenghua, Nian Wenhua, Xu Jiming, and Liu Runshi, attended. The meeting decided to restore Zhu Hanying’s party membership and appoint him as an additional member of the County Working Committee.

In February 1948, Zhu Hanying was appointed Secretary of the Hui'an County Working Committee. Eight district working committees were successively established across the county, including three in northern Hui'an—Sanzhu, Tuling, and Beihai—with over 100 party members. Party organizations across the region developed peasant associations, mobilized the masses to fight against the “Three Levies” (military conscription, taxes, and grain requisition), expanded local armed forces, and carried out guerrilla warfare.

In February 1949, the Hui'an People’s Guerrilla Brigade of the Southern Fujian Detachment of the Fujian–Zhejiang–Jiangxi Guerrilla Column was established in Sanzhu, with Zhu Hanying serving as brigade commander and political commissar. The brigade launched armed struggles of “attacking the enemy and uprooting Chiang’s foundations.” On June 28, they attacked the Kuomintang’s Wangchuan Township Office, killing the vicious township head Jiang Yizhi and the captain of the Hui'an County Criminal Police Squad, Pan Anyong, and later killing Zhang Peisheng, head of Chongwu Town, shaking the grassroots regime of the Kuomintang.

On July 1, 1949, Qin Bin, County Magistrate of the Kuomintang Hui'an County, gathered over 600 troops from the 975th Regiment of the 325th Division, security forces, and armed militias to “encircle and suppress” the Hui'an County Working Committee offices located in Sanzhu Village. They looted civilian property, burned down eight houses including Zhu Hanying’s residence, and killed Zhu Jincheng, a monk from Kunshan Temple who had aided the revolution. The Hui'an County Working Committee led the guerrilla forces in counter-encirclement operations and advanced into the county town to strike the enemy’s stronghold. On the third day, the Kuomintang forces were forced to retreat to the county town. The counter-encirclement struggle was victorious.

On August 23, 1949, the Hui'an People’s Guerrilla Brigade, led by Zhu Hanying, Zhang Haitian, and Lin Pingfan, liberated Hui'an County Town. On September 5, the CCP Hui'an County Committee and the Hui'an County People’s Government were officially established, with Zhu Hanying appointed as County Magistrate. In October, Zhu Hanying also took on the role of Commander of the Support-the-Front Labor Corps, leading over a thousand cadres, laborers, and boatmen—including officials from Sanzhu—southward to the frontline in Tong’an to support the battles for the liberation of Xiamen and Zhangzhou.

In December 2001, the Quangang District People’s Government listed the Monument to the Three-Zhu Revolutionary Struggle as a cultural heritage site.

Source: Luojiang District Party History Research Office

Sanzhu Village: Located west of Qianhuang Town, Sanzhu Village borders Qianhuang Village to the east, Puwang Village to the south, Lukou Village of Tuling Town to the west, and Houzhang Village to the north, approximately 2 kilometers from the town center. The village has a population of 4,759 and 1,200 households. It administers 11 natural villages: Houlin, Houshan, Ducun, Wannei, Xiqian, Tiancuo, Xiabao, Dingbao, Houzhai, Qianzhanglin, and Houzhanglin. There are two forest farms, Kunshan Farm and Laoshu Farm, covering about 4,000 mu of forested land. Most villagers earn income through migrant work, and there are no village-level enterprises.

Sanzhu Village is a revolutionary base village. In 2000, after... More detailed information on Sanzhu Village++