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Introduction to Brazilian Coffee Varieties: Yellow Bourbon, Caturra, Catuaí, Mundo Novo, and Maragogipe

Published: 2026-11-08 Author: sq 👁 19 views
Last updated 2026-11-08 — In 1727, coffee was introduced to Brazil from Guyana, after which large-scale coffee cultivation began in the country. To better study the coffee crop, IAC (the Campinas Agronomic Institute) was established in the state of São Paulo in 1874. This organization specializes in the preservation of various plants and species, including coffee.
1727,,.To better study coffee crops, the IAC (Campinas Agricultural Institute) was established in 1874 in the state of São Paulo. This organization focuses on the preservation, genetic research, and breeding of various plants and species, including coffee.

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  • (Maragogipe)

Maragogype,1870,(Typica),.Its mutation is caused by a dominant gene, which leads to the bean, the plant's internode spacing, and leaves becoming particularly large, hence it is called "elephant bean."

,,1958(Pacamara),.

(Yellow Bourbon)
,,,.This variety can be traced back to a Red Bourbon farm near Pederneiras (SP) in São Paulo in 1930.There are currently two theories about its origin: the first suggests it is a natural mutation of Red Bourbon; the second posits it comes from a natural cross between Red Bourbon and “Amerelo de Botocatu” (Botocatu: a yellow-fruited Typica variant discovered in São Paulo State in 1871).

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(Caturra)
1915~1918,.Because of its smaller plant size, it caught the attention of IAC. Research showed that Caturra is a natural mutation of the Bourbon variety, caused by a single gene mutation that results in smaller plants.

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(Mundo Novo)

1943(Sao Paulo)(Mineiros do Tiete),,,1952.

(Mundo Novo,Urupês).This variety holds significant commercial value in Brazil and other South American countries but is rarely used in Central America.It was first introduced to Costa Rica in 1952, but farmers did not like its overly tall stature, so it was not widely planted.The leaf tips are green or bronze-colored, with high yield but a longer maturation period.

(Catuai)
1949,IAC.Catuai is the result of artificial breeding, a hybrid of Mundo Novo and yellow Caturra, initially known as H-2077.It was released in Brazil in 1972 after pedigree selection (through selecting individual plants over several consecutive generations) and has been widely cultivated there.

“multo mom”,“”.It inherits the advantages of the new world and Caturra.It has high yields, small size, and can be densely planted, with both yellow and red fruit types.Catuai is popular in Brazil and also grown in other coffee-producing countries such as Guatemala and Costa Rica.

.This is reflected not only in its huge coffee output but also in its significant role in the development of coffee varieties, which is highly valuable to farmers.


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