Niangniangshan National Wetland Park

Niangniangshan National Wetland Park

Niangniangshan National Wetland Park is a national AAA-level tourist attraction and a national wetland park.

Niangniangshan National Wetland Park, located at the border of Panzhou City and Shuicheng County in Liupanshui, Guizhou Province, covers an area of 2,680 hectares and is a national AAA-level tourist attraction.

Niangniangshan National Wetland Park was approved by the State Forestry Administration on December 31, 2013, to carry out pilot work.

Niangniangshan National Wetland Park is situated at the border of Panzhou City and Shuicheng County in Liupanshui, Guizhou Province, between longitude 104°45′24″–104°51′41″ east and latitude 26°4′25″–26°8′24″ north, with a total area of 2,680 hectares, including 1,060 hectares of wetland, accounting for a wetland ratio of 39.5%. The wetland types include: 276.6 hectares of moss swamp, 12.2 hectares of herbaceous swamp, 62.3 hectares of shrub swamp, 701.8 hectares of forest swamp, and 7.1 hectares of reservoir and pond wetland. Developed on the karst plateau mountainous landform, Niangniangshan National Wetland Park features large-scale contiguous peat swamp wetlands distributed on the mountaintop, making it a typical karst mountain wetland resource. Its peat swamp wetlands serve as an important ecological barrier safeguarding regional and Pearl River basin water security, and have been praised by experts as a “rare water tower along the Pearl River.”

The total area spans 40,200 mu, involving Pugu in Panzhou City and Longchang Township in Shuicheng County, with a total investment of 5.1 billion yuan.

Climate Characteristics

The park is located within the northern subtropical monsoon humid climate zone. Influenced by low latitude and high altitude, it enjoys mild winters and cool summers, with a pleasant climate. The average annual temperature ranges from 13 to 14°C, with January averages of 3 to 6.3°C and July averages of 19.8 to 22°C. Annual precipitation ranges from 1,200 to 1,500 mm. The frost-free period lasts 200 to 300 days. Due to significant terrain variation, there are noticeable local climatic differences. The city’s total water volume is approximately 14.218 billion cubic meters, including an average annual surface water flow of 6.4 billion cubic meters, an average annual groundwater flow of 5.268 billion cubic meters, and surface water (excluding boundary river water) of 2.55 billion cubic meters.

Terrain and Landforms

Niangniangshan National Wetland Park is located on the western edge of the Weining–Shuicheng fault-fold belt, the Qianxinan fault-fold belt, and the extreme western margins of the Early Paleozoic arch fault-fold belt and the Ancient Qian South fault-fold belt within the Yangtze Platform (first-order tectonic unit) and the Yangtze Platform Fold Belt (second-order tectonic unit). The terrain is higher in the west and east, higher in the north and lower in the south, with dramatic undulations in the central area due to intense erosion by the Beipan River. Elevations range from 1,400 to 1,900 meters.

There are eight main soil types: yellow soil, mountain yellow-brown soil, mountain shrub meadow soil, limestone soil, purple soil, paddy soil, fluvo-aquic soil, and swamp soil. These are further divided into 24 subtypes, 74 soil genera, and 141 soil species.