The Changde Iron Pagoda

The Changde Iron Pagoda

The Changde Iron Pagoda is a National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit.

The Changde Iron Pagoda is located in Binhu Park in Changde City, Hunan Province.

The Changde Iron Pagoda was originally situated on the left side of the former Qianming Temple at the foot of Deshan Mountain and was relocated here in January 1979. The iron pagoda is a type of ancient religious structure known as a sutra pillar. While most sutra pillars are made of stone or wood, this one was uniquely cast in segments from white cast iron, making it quite rare. The structure mimics a wooden cylindrical form, divided into 12 tiers with short eaves projecting between each level. It is tapered, being smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, resembling a pagoda—hence it is also commonly referred to as the "Iron Pagoda" by locals. The lower part of the pillar features a cast half-figure of a muscular guardian deity and an image of the Buddha Shakyamuni, surrounded by decorative patterns such as vajra-like motifs, bead patterns, and animal designs including tigers and dragons; the middle section includes inscriptions of the Heart Sutra, as well as the names and official titles of those who donated to the construction of the pagoda. The entire structure stands over 4 meters tall, with a base diameter of 0.9 meters, and weighs 1,520.8 kilograms. The base is a red sandstone pedestal, 1.42 meters high, adorned with multi-layered floral patterns that are fluid in line, simple yet dignified.

Based on analysis of the iron pagoda’s shape, decorative patterns, and inscriptions, as well as recent spectral testing of samples, it is believed to be a relic from the Northern Song Dynasty. It holds significant value for the study of ancient Chinese metallurgy, Buddhist history, social life during the Song Dynasty, and the local history of Hunan. (National Cultural Heritage Administration)

Further Reading:

· Second Batch of National Key Cultural Relics Protection Units