Former Residence of Zhou Enlai (No. 50 Zengjiayan)

Former Residence of Zhou Enlai (No. 50 Zengjiayan)

The Former Residence of Zhou Enlai is located at No. 50 Zengjiayan, Zhongshan 4th Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing. It served as the office site in urban Chongqing for the Southern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the Eighth Route Army Chongqing Office during that time. The building is a three-story structure, with the residence of Dai Li, the head of the Kuomintang’s secret service, situated to its right, and a police station of the Kuomintang's intelligence bureau to its left, while this building stands prominently in the middle. The second floor of the building contains two rooms that served as the offices and living quarters for Zhou Enlai and Dong Biwu, while the ground floor and the third floor were used by other comrades of the Southern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. In August 1945, during Mao Zedong’s stay in Chongqing for negotiations with the Kuomintang, he received both Chinese and foreign guests in the meeting room on the ground floor. Zhou Enlai also frequently met with people from all walks of life and Chinese and foreign journalists here. In April 1946, after the Southern Bureau relocated to Nanjing, the site became the location of the publicly operating Sichuan Provincial Committee under the leadership of Secretary Wu Yuzhang until its withdrawal in March 1947. In 1955, the Chongqing Municipal People’s Government began preparations to establish a memorial hall here. It officially opened to the public in May 1958, and in 1959, Dong Biwu inscribed the nameplate “Hongyan Revolutionary Memorial Hall Zengjiayan Branch.”

Zhou Enlai was a Marxist, proletarian revolutionary, statesman, military strategist, and diplomat. He was one of the main leaders of the Communist Party of China and the People’s Republic of China, one of the founders of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, and the Premier of the People’s Republic of China (1949–1976). Originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang, he was born in Huai’an, Jiangsu. In 1917, after graduating from Nankai School in Tianjin, he went to Japan to study. He returned to China in 1919, entered Nankai University in September, and became a leader among Tianjin students during the May Fourth Movement. Together with other activists, he co-founded the progressive group Awakening Society. … Zhou Enlai Detailed Information++