Yunmeng Sanyu Red Tourism Area

Yunmeng Sanyu Red Tourism Area

The Yunmeng Sanyu Red Tourism Area is a cultural tourism attraction and a classic red tourism site.

The Yunmeng Sanyu Scenic Area is located in the western part of Miyun, Beijing, at the southern foot of Yunmeng Mountain. It stretches from the Baihe River Valley in the north to the mountain-front plains in the south, about 70 kilometers from Beijing and 15 kilometers from Miyun. To the west, it neighbors Qinglong Gorge, and to the east, it faces the Miyun Reservoir.

The scenic area features winding valleys that extend for a total of 15 kilometers, with the valley floor covered by the pristine forests of Yunmeng Mountain. The area boasts steep cliffs, rugged mountain terrain, numerous pools and waterfalls, rushing streams, lush green hills, forested cascades, and a misty atmosphere — all forming an untouched natural landscape. Visitors here can truly immerse themselves in nature, achieving complete relaxation for both body and mind.

The area is rich in both cultural and natural attractions. At the mountain ridge near the valley entrance stands the majestic ancient Great Wall, which complements the newly built Xianlong Manor at the foot of the mountain. Natural attractions within the valley include Shuilong Palace, Hundred-Zhang Cliff, Twin Pools Waterfall, Dragon Pool, Divine Boat, Natural Air Conditioner, Longevity Spring, Golden Buddha Bathing Pool, Coiled Dragon Rock, and over thirty other sites. As visitors walk through, the scenery constantly changes, with picturesque views throughout the over ten-kilometer-long canyon — a true journey through a living painting.

The Sanyu Scenic Area offers unique scenery in every season: fresh greenery and vitality in spring; blooming mountain flowers competing in beauty during summer; forests ablaze with color in late autumn; and snow-covered caves glistening white in winter. Coupled with flowing springs, cascading waterfalls, perilous peaks, and peculiar rocks, the area is undoubtedly a perfect destination for leisure vacations and conference tourism all year round.

Within the Yunmeng Sanyu Scenic Area lies the site of the former Fenglanmi United County Government led by our Party during the Anti-Japanese War, as well as an Anti-Japanese Memorial Monument — making it an ideal place for revolutionary tradition education.

Visit the memorial monument to learn about the sacrifices and contributions made by the people of Yunmeng in the fight for national liberation during the Anti-Japanese War. Walk along the valley to admire the surrounding natural scenery and follow in the footsteps of the predecessors who traveled these paths to reach Fengluanmi — the location of the wartime united government — to understand the hardships and suffering endured by the Chinese people in resisting foreign aggression.

During the Anti-Japanese War, the military and civilians of Yunmeng Mountain, under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, engaged in heroic struggles against the Japanese invaders, composing one moving epic after another. The following examples are just a glimpse of the many heroic deeds.

The Xiaoxitian Tragedy

At the highest point of Yunmeng Mountain lies Xiaoxitian, home to the Wang family clan. At the time, there were over ten households and around forty residents. This area was relatively hidden and safe.

On the morning of January 28, 1944, over 100 puppet soldiers and Japanese troops from Hou Shanbao arrived at Xiaoxitian. They first captured five households — Wang Qingde, Wang Qinghai, Wang Qingtian, Wang Qingtang, and Wang Qingshun — who lived near Nantianmen. The enemy then led them down the valley from Xiaoxitian, where they also apprehended the Sun Guirong family and individuals such as Guo Zhenyou, Guo Zhenxing, Jia San, and Li Sheng, who were visiting relatives in Lengfengdian. In total, 37 people were captured and taken to the Hou Shanbao puppet stronghold. For two days and nights, they were given no food or water. Except for the children, each was interrogated, hung up, beaten, and tortured with cruel methods. However, these Chinese civilians, who upheld their national integrity, remained resolute. Wang Qingtian, a platoon leader of the anti-Japanese self-defense militia and a Communist Party member, had stored a large amount of military supplies under his care and swore to reveal nothing, even unto death. Two self-defense militia members, brothers Li Hongman and Li Hongzu, were first taken to the Liulimiao Police Station for solitary interrogation. After extracting nothing from them, they were shot to death.

After two days and nights of interrogation yielded no information, on the third day, the enemy took the 37 captured villagers to the southern valley of Hou Shanbao and executed them en masse. Of the 37 captured, 28 died at the hands of the enemy, while only 9 (including 6 children) survived.

After the tragedy, the Fenglanmi United Government erected a martyrs' memorial monument in honor of the 28 ordinary civilians who chose death over surrender.

The Ambush at Baidao Valley

Zhao Qingxiang, the puppet township head (a landlord), was a running dog who pretended to work for the Eighth Route Army but actually served the Japanese. His actions led to the bloodshed and sacrifice of many of our soldiers. The 10th Regiment decided to let this die-hard traitor deliver intelligence to the Japanese one more time, setting up a counter-ambush. On April 15, 1941, the 10th Regiment instructed local operatives to tell Zhao Qingxiang: “At dawn tomorrow, district leaders will gather village and security heads in Baidao Valley for a meeting to arrange work.” They repeatedly urged him to ensure the safety of the meeting and the district leaders in his jurisdiction and to keep it confidential. After the operatives left, he immediately went out the back door to the Kanggezhuang puppet stronghold and reported everything to the Japanese squad leader. By midnight, over 20 Japanese soldiers and 30 puppet troops were lying in ambush around Baidao Valley. Meanwhile, Regiment Commander Wang Kang, along with Feng Ke and Wu Fangcheng, had four companies lying in wait on the surrounding mountains to the east, west, and north of Baidao Valley, holding a commanding position with full visibility over the village. When the sun rose and the enemy saw no sign of the meeting attendees, they gathered villagers in frustration for a propaganda session. Suddenly, our troops descended from the mountains like tigers. While protecting the villagers, they launched an attack on the enemy and ended the battle in less than twenty minutes. All 23 Japanese soldiers were killed, 21 puppet troops were shot dead, two were captured, and several escaped. We seized two machine guns, over 30 rifles, two pistols, and other war spoils, with not a single casualty on our side.

Shen Shuang, County Magistrate of Fenglanmi United County

Shen Shuang, styled Ziru and also known by the alias Bai Difei, was of Manchu ethnicity. He was born in 1896 in Huangwu Tun, Shuangcheng County, Jilin Province. He studied in a private school in his youth, later attended the Jilin Normal School, and returned home to teach after graduation. After the September 18th Incident in 1931, he gave up teaching to join the military and fight for the nation. He organized an anti-Japanese self-defense militia in the eastern part of Shuangcheng County and was elected commander. In 1940, he was transferred to the CCP regional committee to carry out underground work. In November 1941, he was appointed magistrate of Fenglanmi United County. At the time, the Japanese invaders were creating "no-man's lands" inside and outside the Great Wall in Fenglanmi, implementing a scorched-earth policy. Facing the grim struggle, he neither retreated nor wavered. He led the county’s cadres in vowing never to leave the no-man’s land, guiding the people of Fenglanmi in struggles against mopping-up campaigns, encirclement and suppression, economic blockades, and forced village consolidations.

On the morning of April 8, 1942, a puppet Manchukuo punitive force numbering over a thousand surrounded the seat of the Fenglanmi United County Government at Choushuikeng. Under heavy siege, he led cadres and soldiers in a desperate fight against the enemy. He and his guard fought until only one bullet remained. He told the guard: “Go out and tell the comrades that no matter how great the difficulty, we must hold our ground.” Then he took his own life with his final bullet, dying a heroic death.

After the tragedy, the military and civilians of the Fenglanmi base area erected a patriotic and people-serving memorial monument in honor of County Magistrate Shen Shuang and leaders such as Qiao Yu and Guo Tingzhang, who sacrificed their lives for national liberation.

Transportation: Take bus 980 from Dongzhimen to Miyun Yunguang Roundabout, then transfer to bus 3.

Take bus 987 from Dongzhimen to Miyun Xitian Gezhuang, then transfer to bus 3.