China-Russia Border River and Boundary Marker Scenic Area

China-Russia Border River and Boundary Marker Scenic Area

The China-Russia Border River and Boundary Marker Scenic Area is a cultural tourism attraction.

　Erzi Lake is a border river, with its northwestern waters extending deep into Russian territory. On both sides of the border river, several boundary markers from China and Russia stand facing each other from afar, like loyal sentinels guarding their respective national territories. The land border between China and Russia was formally delineated as early as October 1727 in the Treaty of Abagaitu. From Kyakhta to the upper reaches of the Erguna River, a total of 63 Obo (a Mongolian term meaning boundary cairns) were established, with the 63rd Obo located within the current jurisdiction of the Donghu District, set in the marshland southwest of Mount Abagaitu. The boundary marker stands 16 meters high and has a diameter of 3.8 meters, shaped like a hill.

　The northern section of the Dalan-Olomu River serves as the water-based border between China and Russia. Paddling along this crystal-clear river, where fish swim just beneath the surface and reed-lined shores resemble painted screens, offers visitors a profound experience. The ethereal beauty of the surrounding mountains and the mysterious sight of two nations gazing across the river stir a range of emotions. Under the same blue sky and within the same river, the distinct symbols on either bank signify two different countries. The red and green Russian boundary posts stand solitary, while the Chinese side features a white marble boundary marker inlaid with the emblem of the People’s Republic of China, exuding solemnity and dignity. The 63rd boundary marker is the last one in the Manzhouli section of the China-Russia border and is a water-based marker, with the boundary line drawn along the center of the river channel. This area marks the former course of the Dalan-Olomu River as it flowed eastward toward Mount Abagaitu in Russia before joining the Erguna River—a braided, flood-prone river. Water levels fluctuate, the channel is shallow and meandering, and the banks are often marshy and overgrown with reeds. When water levels are high, the river spreads out; when low, it becomes a gentle stream, with the banks frequently eroded and collapsing, making the central boundary line difficult to discern. In May 1993, after multiple on-site surveys by the China-Russia Border Demarcation Commission, it was determined that the original 63rd boundary marker was situated at a bend in the river channel, directly opposite Mount Abagaitu in Russia. To accurately define the Sino-Russian border and the river's course, boundary markers 70, 71-1, 71-2, and 71-3 were established at the site of the original 63rd marker. Markers 70 and 71-2 belong to Russia, represented by slender, red-and-green cement pillars inscribed with Russian text and marker numbers. Markers 71-1 and 71-3 belong to China, represented by granite steles inlaid with the emblem of the People’s Republic of China and markings such as China 71(1), 71(3), and 1993. The line connecting markers 70 and 71-2 denotes Russian territory, while the line connecting 71-2 and 71-3 denotes Chinese territory, clearly demarcating the boundary with precise coordinates. The two sets of markers face each other across the riverbanks, their reflections shimmering in the water. The blue sky and white clouds further define the dividing line, creating a truly breathtaking and unique landscape.

　The Erzi Lake Border River Adventure Tour is one of the most distinctive tourism offerings in the Donghu District. The route involves taking a boat along the Dalan-Olomu River, starting from the Fishermen’s House at the site of the Er’ka Red International Secret Transportation Line, passing through the Erzi Lake Water Park, and reaching the 71st Boundary Marker—the only inland river boundary marker in China, located to the southwest. This is also a scenic route for water-based sightseeing and birdwatching. As visitors paddle along the border river, the fragrance of lake water and reeds wafts through the reed marshes. The deeper they go, the deeper the water becomes, as if entering the embrace of nature. The riverbanks are lined with dense reeds and cattails, and the small boat seems to glide through a secluded green tunnel embraced by reeds. Upon reaching the central area of Erzi Lake, the magical and unique landscape between the blue sky and clear water opens up before visitors' eyes. It is an undisturbed paradise where dense reeds reflect on the water, turning the tranquil blue into vibrant green, and the gathering of hundreds of birds brings delightful surprises. The red-beaked whooper swans, like proud princesses, pay no attention to uninvited guests, leisurely playing in the water. Occasionally, a low-flying gull darts into the sky like an arrow, joining a noisy flock. The Mongolian larks sing the most joyfully and beautifully, their melodious songs transporting visitors into a picturesque fairyland, allowing them to feel the vastness of the grasslands and the height of the sky. Visitors can take a photo with the Sino-Russian boundary marker in the background, preserving unforgettable and precious memories.