Former Site of Revolutionary Activities in Shanghai by Martyr Peng Pai

Former Site of Revolutionary Activities in Shanghai by Martyr Peng Pai

The former site of revolutionary activities in Shanghai by Martyr Peng Pai is a Shanghai Municipal Cultural Relics Protection Unit.

The former site of revolutionary activities in Shanghai by Martyr Peng Pai is located at No. 12, Lane 613, Xinzha Road (originally No. 1015, Jingyuanli, Xinzha Road). It is an old-style Shikumen lane residence with a brick-wood structure, facing south.

Peng Pai (1896–1929) was an early leader of the peasant movement within the Communist Party of China. In the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), he was elected as a Central Committee member and an alternate member of the Politburo at the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. In November of the same year, Peng Pai traveled from Shantou to Hong Kong and then to Shanghai, where he served as Secretary of the Central Peasant Movement Committee and a member of the Central Military Commission. In February of the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929), the Central Committee decided to reorganize the Jiangsu Provincial Committee and appointed Peng Pai as a standing committee member and Secretary of the Provincial Military Commission. The Provincial Military Commission rented the second floor of a Shikumen building in Jingyuanli, Xinzha Road, in the western part of the International Settlement, as its office. Meetings of the Provincial Military Commission were frequently held there, with Bai Xin and his wife—then the commission’s secretaries—living on the premises. On the afternoon of August 24, while holding a Provincial Military Commission meeting at Jingyuanli, Peng Pai was arrested due to betrayal by Bai Xin. Also arrested were Yang Yin, alternate member of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee and head of the Central Military Department; Yan Changyi, secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Military Commission of the CPC; Xing Shiping, head of the military movement division of the Provincial Military Commission; and Zhang Jichun, deputy commander of the Shanghai General Labour Union’s picket corps. On August 30, Peng Pai, Yang Yin, Yan Changyi, and Xing Shiping were executed heroically at the Longhua Garrison Headquarters.

In 1959, after interviewing old residents of Jingyuanli, Xinzha Road, it was confirmed that the site of Peng Pai’s arrest was the current No. 12, Lane 613. The buildings in Jingyuanli were constructed in September of the 8th year of the Republic of China (1919). After completion, the landlord surnamed Xu lived in No. 12 and rented out the second floor to Bai Xin and his wife in February of the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929). After Peng Pai’s arrest, the second floor was taken back by the landlord. The current building is in a stage of demolition.

Designated as a Shanghai Municipal Cultural Relics Protection Unit on September 7, 1962.

Peng Pai (1896–1929)

Born into a wealthy landlord family in Haicheng Town, Haifeng County. He graduated from Waseda University in Japan in May 1921. Upon returning to China, he joined the Communist Youth League in Guangzhou and later became a member of the Communist Party of China. In the summer of 1921, he founded the “Socialist Research Society.” In 1922, he organized the “Red Heart Group” and published the “Red Heart Weekly.” On July 29 of the same year, he established China’s first peasant association—the renowned Six-Person Peasant Association. He once served as the Head of the Haifeng County General Peasant Association, Executive Chairman of the Guangdong Provincial Peasant Association, and instructor at the Guangzhou Peasant Movement Institute… More details about Peng Pai++