Manzhouli Red International Secret Transportation Route Education Base

Manzhouli Red International Secret Transportation Route Education Base

The Manzhouli Red International Secret Transportation Route Education Base is a classic red tourism attraction.

Manzhouli City is located in the northeastern part of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, at the junction of China, Russia, and Mongolia. It borders Russia’s Chita Oblast to the north, and the Chinese Eastern Railway runs through it, making it the country’s largest land port. Since its establishment in the early 20th century, Manzhouli has served as an important bridge for political, economic, and cultural exchanges between China and Russia. In the 1920s, the Chinese Communist Party established a secret transportation station in Manzhouli and opened a red transportation route from Manzhouli to the Soviet Union. As the longest-existing secret transportation route in the history of the Chinese revolution, it documented the glorious journey of Chinese Communists in their quest for revolutionary truth, the salvation of the Chinese nation, and the establishment of New China. It witnessed the revolutionary deeds of early CCP leaders such as Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Qu Qiubai, and Li Lisan, who traveled to the Soviet Union to study Marxism, strengthen ties with the Comintern, and guide the Chinese revolution toward victory. It also bore witness to major historical events including the Sixth National Congress of the CPC, the Soviet Union’s declaration of war on Japan and military intervention in Northeast China during World War II, and Chairman Mao Zedong’s visit to the Soviet Union. This route made immortal contributions to the spread of Marxism-Leninism in the East, the establishment and growth of the Chinese Communist Party, and the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. The development of this red transportation route was full of ups and downs, involving numerous revolutionary martyrs, early party founders, and national leaders, and encompassing a wealth of profoundly moving historical events. It holds extremely high value for sightseeing and serves an outstanding “education through travel” function.

In early 2005, the "Manzhouli Red International Secret Transportation Route Education Base" was included in the "National Red Tourism Development Plan Outline." The total estimated investment for the Manzhouli Red International Secret Transportation Route Education Base is 127 million yuan. It mainly includes the Manzhouli Red International Secret Transportation Route Memorial Square, the Manzhouli Red International Secret Transportation Route Exhibition Hall, Locomotive Square, the Manzhouli Secret Transportation Station, the Soviet Red Army Martyrs' Cemetery, the Chinese Eastern Railway Prison, and the former sites of the red international secret transportation routes in Zhalainuoer and Erka—revolutionary historical sites and relics. The primary goal is to establish the Manzhouli Red International Secret Transportation Route Education Base, recreating the original appearance of the international secret transportation route used by the early founders and leaders of the Chinese Communist Party in the 1920s to build the Party and the nation, resist foreign aggression, and maintain close ties with the Comintern and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. It aims to showcase the remarkable achievements left by the older generation of revolutionaries in Manzhouli, inspire patriotic fervor, and become a landmark patriotic education base and classic red tourism attraction of epoch-making significance. A premium red tourism route will be developed, featuring these revolutionary sites and relics as key attractions. At the same time, red tourism will be integrated with grassland scenery tours and Russian exotic culture experiences, offering travel products such as one-day, two-day, and multi-day “Manzhouli Red Tours.” This allows travelers to explore the origins of China’s revolutionary ideology, follow in the footsteps of revolutionary predecessors who tirelessly worked for the Chinese revolution in the former Soviet Union, while also experiencing the rich charm of Russian exotic culture.