Former Site of the Sanhuang Branch of the Communist Party of China

Former Site of the Sanhuang Branch of the Communist Party of China

The Former Site of the Sanhuang Branch of the Communist Party of China is a cultural heritage site protected by Ninghua County and a classic red tourism destination.

The Former Site of the Sanhuang Branch of the Communist Party of China, Fengchemiao, is located in Sanhuang Village, Caofang Township, Ninghua County.

In late April 1929, following the directives from the CPC Fujian Provincial Committee on the struggle against enemies in western Fujian — “to expand into new areas as much as possible (such as counties like Ninghua)” — the Provisional County Committee of the CPC in Changting assigned Xu Chisheng (a native of Genzhu, Caofang and the first CPC member in Ninghua), a Party member and student at the Provincial No. 7 Middle School in Changting, to return to Ninghua to carry out revolutionary activities.

After returning to Ninghua, Xu Chisheng first recruited members for the Peasant Association among progressive youth and awakened farmers in Caofang, establishing a secret peasant association. He then developed Party and League members among progressive students at Liangan Middle School in the county seat and formed an underground Party-League organization. To rapidly spread the seeds of revolution across Ninghua, under the guidance of Xu Chisheng and Bao Hao (a CPC member), the underground Party in Ninghua decided to shift the focus of Party-building efforts to rural areas, with Party members heading to various villages to carry out revolutionary activities.

Upon returning to Caofang, Xu Chisheng and Cao Gu’ang (a CPC member from Caofang who joined the Party at Liangan Middle School) recruited a group of key members from the Peasant Association into the Party. In late August of that year, they established the Sanhuang Branch of the Communist Party of China at Fengchemiao in Sanhuang. Liao Yujin served as branch secretary, Ma Liangcai as head of the Organization Department, and Liu Jiaxiang as head of the Propaganda Department, making it the first underground Party branch in rural Ninghua. After its establishment, the Sanhuang Branch actively promoted revolutionary ideas, secretly recruited farmer-members, and expanded the Party’s influence, laying further organizational groundwork for the armed peasant uprising in Caofang the following summer.

The Former Site of the Sanhuang Branch of the Communist Party of China is the traditional folk temple — Fengchemiao. It faces northwest and is situated southeast, covering an area of 474 square meters. Built during the Qing Dynasty, this Hakka-style ancient temple features a two-courtyard, brick-and-wood hybrid structure, with the overall building in relatively poor condition of preservation.

In August 2008, Fengchemiao, the Former Site of the Sanhuang Branch of the Communist Party of China, was designated as a cultural heritage site protected by Ninghua County Government.

Source: Party History Research Office of the Sanming Municipal Committee