Visit the Ancient European City of Civilization: 7 Must-See Places in Athens, Greece

By MOOK Scenic Spots Family Travel Life Network Source/MOOK Editorial Department

 

As the domain of the goddess Athena in Greek mythology, a vital core of early Western civilization, the birthplace of city-states and democracy, and the capital of modern Greece, Athens has always held a prominent position and significance throughout history. Despite being affected in recent years by the economic downturn in Europe, Athens still attracts tourists from all over the world. All year round, visitors flock to the Acropolis to imagine how democracy emerged from aristocracy; they explore the vibrant yet chaotic alleys of Plaka; wander through major museums to relive the prosperity and glory of ancient Greek civilization; or even climb up to Mount Lycabettus just to admire the city’s undulating beauty.

Recommended Must-Visit Attraction: The Acropolis

 

In Greek, “Akro” means high ground and “Polis” means city-state. Thus, “Acropolis” refers to a city-state located on high ground. While there are several Akropoleis in Greece, the one in central Athens is the most famous and serves as the best testament to ancient Greek civilization. In the 5th century BC, the residents of Athens built a temple on this hill in the city to worship the goddess Athena, forming the earliest version of the Acropolis. However, due to frequent wars between Greece and Persia, the temple was soon occupied and burned down by Persian forces after its completion. Later, after Persian forces were defeated in other battles and withdrew from Greece, the Athenian statesman Pericles actively established a democratic system and vigorously promoted cultural and artistic activities, bringing Athenian civilization to its peak. It was also during this time that the reconstruction of the Acropolis began. The Acropolis served not only as a sacred site for worship but also as a political and public space and a defensive fortress. On this 70-meter-high hilltop stand magnificent marble buildings, each showcasing exquisite architectural craftsmanship in their details—truly classic examples of ancient Greek architecture.

Recommended Must-Visit Attractions: The Roman Agora and the Tower of the Winds

 

The Roman Agora was built between the 1st century BC and the 2nd century AD and is a relic from the Roman period. Originally, it served as a gathering place and marketplace for citizens, with a central avenue leading directly to the Acropolis. Nowadays, it is mostly an expanse of earth with no particularly distinctive structures remaining, and the area surrounded by wire fencing somewhat detracts from the atmosphere. One of the more notable sights is the octagonal Tower of the Winds, whose carvings are still clearly visible. Built in the 1st century by astronomer Andronicus, it is said to have functions such as indicating direction, telling time, measuring wind direction, and more.

Recommended Must-Visit Attraction: The Temple of Olympian Zeus

 

Like the nearby Hadrian’s Arch, the Temple of Olympian Zeus was also completed under Emperor Hadrian in the 2nd century. As early as the 6th century BC, the ruler of Athens, Pisistratus, began constructing a temple dedicated to the sun god Zeus. His plan was for a massive construction project, but due to changes in political power, the construction was repeatedly interrupted and delayed for over 600 years. It was finally completed by Hadrian in 131 AD. The Temple of Olympian Zeus, made up of 104 Corinthian columns each 17 meters high and 1.7 meters in diameter, is the largest temple in all of Greece. Originally, the temple also housed a statue of Zeus contributed by Hadrian, crafted from ivory and gold—an invaluable piece that underscored the temple’s status. After a thousand years, although only 15 columns remain today, one can still imagine the awe-inspiring presence it once had. Nearby, there is also the foundation of a rectangular structure, which was once the site of Hadrian’s baths.

Recommended Must-Visit Attraction: Mount Lycabettus

 

Mount Lycabettus, standing at 273 meters above sea level, is the highest landmark in Athens. The area around the hill is dotted with upscale restaurants and cafes. At dusk, many tourists and local office workers come here to enjoy the sunset and the view. On clear days, the view from the top extends all the way to Piraeus Harbor. To get to Mount Lycabettus, you can first walk through the local neighborhood to the cable car station, then take the cable car up to the summit. The surrounding neighborhood, with its neat and tranquil environment, has become one of Athens’ premium residential areas. From the mountaintop, you can also easily spot swimming pools and gardens on the rooftops.