Pushou Temple

Pushou Temple

Pushou Temple is a cultural tourism attraction.

Pushou Temple was first built in 1636 (the first year of Chongde, the ninth year of Chongzhen), under the jurisdiction of an Inner Banner, governed by a military governor system (also called the overall command system), directly under the control of the Qing Dynasty’s Lifan Yuan. To express gratitude for the imperial favor, the Sixth [Tibetan Buddhist title] used funds he brought from Outer Mongolia to construct a Buddhist temple by the Xilamuren River. It was completed in the thirty-fourth year of Qianlong (1769). Emperor Qianlong bestowed the name “Pushou Temple” and inscribed the temple plaque in four languages: Manchu, Chinese, Mongolian, and Tibetan. This temple is the Zhaohe Grand Temple that still stands today. Later, Pushou Temple became the summer retreat of Xilituzhao. After the Sixth [Tibetan Buddhist title] of Xilituzhao built “Pushou Temple” by the Xilamuren River, all the herders in the Zhaohé area were turned into temple-affiliated herders, referred to as “Heitu.” At this time, all military and political power was vested in the temple, forming a unified governance structure of politics and religion. The Jasag Great Lama of Xilituzhao held all authority and managed all affairs in Xilamuren. The hundred households of herders in Xilamuren were divided into eight groups of ten households each, with eight Dariga selected. Two Zaisang were also assigned to manage the four Dariga in the east and the four in the west, respectively. The lamas in the temple had a strict hierarchy, mainly including the Jasag Great Lama, Great Lama, Demuqi, Demuqi, and Gesi Gui. In 1992, the Mandula Port was approved by the People's Government of the Autonomous Region as a seasonal Class II port open to the outside world. It achieved its first opening on December 23, 2002. Starting in 2004, it was opened annually from the 16th to the 30th of March, May, August, and November. In February 2009, the State Council agreed to open the Mandula Port, designating it as a bilateral, seasonal road port for passenger and freight transport. In the same year, the Mandula Port began temporary openings and imported mineral products from Mongolia. During the third and fourth round of director-level meetings in 2011 and 2012 regarding the implementation of the “Agreement on Border Ports and Their Management Systems between China and Mongolia,” both China and Mongolia agreed to expand the Mandula–Hangji Port into a bilateral, year-round open port.

Full address: Xilamuren Town, Bairin Right Banner, Baotou City