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Site of Niu Bogong Mountain

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The Site of Niu Bogong Mountain is located on the hillside east of Tangkeng Reservoir in Xiajiasi Town, Puning City. It dates back to the early Bronze Age. In 1995, an area of 300 square meters was excavated, with the cultural layer reaching a maximum thickness of 1.3 meters. This site represents the first excavation of a Fubin Culture site. Discoveries include ash pits, ditches, water storage pits, postholes, and red-fired hard earth surfaces. Judging from the arrangement and orientation of the postholes, the floor plans of the structures were likely circular. Artifacts found include pottery, stone tools, and jade artifacts. The pottery mainly consists of sandy ware, with fewer clay-bodied pieces, including types such as cauldrons, wide-mouthed zun vessels, jars, spouted jars, cups, bowls, lids, pedestals, supports, paddles, and spinning whorls. The most common decorative patterns are square grids, along with stripes, cord marks, ladder grids, taotie patterns, and string patterns. Some examples show a combination of taotie and square grid patterns, though the taotie motifs are not very regular. A small number of pottery items feature soy-sauce colored glaze, seen only on zun vessels and dou stem cups, decorated with stripes and square grids. Stone tools include ge daggers, spears, arrowheads, adzes, chisels, knives, rings, hammers, and whetstones. Jade artifacts consist solely of jade rings. The presence of pottery paddles suggests the existence of a local pottery-making industry. Carbon-14 dating of charcoal samples indicates an age range of 2870 to 3390 years ago, corresponding to the middle Shang Dynasty to the early Western Zhou Dynasty.

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The Site of Niu Bogong Mountain is a cultural tourism attraction.

The Site of Niu Bogong Mountain is located on the hillside east of Tangkeng Reservoir in Xiajiasi Town, Puning City. It dates back to the early Bronze Age. In 1995, an area of 300 square meters was excavated, with the cultural layer reaching a maximum thickness of 1.3 meters. This site represents the first excavation of a Fubin Culture site. Discoveries include ash pits, ditches, water storage pits, postholes, and red-fired hard earth surfaces. Judging from the arrangement and orientation of the postholes, the floor plans of the structures were likely circular. Artifacts found include pottery, stone tools, and jade artifacts. The pottery mainly consists of sandy ware, with fewer clay-bodied pieces, including types such as cauldrons, wide-mouthed zun vessels, jars, spouted jars, cups, bowls, lids, pedestals, supports, paddles, and spinning whorls. The most common decorative patterns are square grids, along with stripes, cord marks, ladder grids, taotie patterns, and string patterns. Some examples show a combination of taotie and square grid patterns, though the taotie motifs are not very regular. A small number of pottery items feature soy-sauce colored glaze, seen only on zun vessels and dou stem cups, decorated with stripes and square grids. Stone tools include ge daggers, spears, arrowheads, adzes, chisels, knives, rings, hammers, and whetstones. Jade artifacts consist solely of jade rings. The presence of pottery paddles suggests the existence of a local pottery-making industry. Carbon-14 dating of charcoal samples indicates an age range of 2870 to 3390 years ago, corresponding to the middle Shang Dynasty to the early Western Zhou Dynasty.