Autumn is the peak season for hiking, and those planning to hit the trails in the coming days should be especially cautious. According to field observations by biologists, hornet nests are unusually large this year, and the hornets are particularly aggressive. This may be linked to the fewer typhoons hitting Taiwan this year, ample rainfall, and cooler autumn temperatures arriving earlier than usual.
Professor Lin Zongqi from the Department of Biology at National Changhua University of Education explains that with fewer typhoons, the chances of nests being destroyed by strong winds are lower. Ample rainfall ensures hornets have sufficient food, leading to a population boom. When autumn arrives and temperatures drop suddenly, hornets sense the early approach of winter and abandon their nests en masse. As a result, hikers spending time outdoors are more likely to encounter hornets and should remain highly vigilant.
Lin Zongqi points out that hornets cannot be deterred using the “startle-the-snake-by-beating-the-grass” approach. Hikers passing through areas where nests might be present should keep a low profile—the safest strategy. Avoid wearing bright clothing, opt for plain long-sleeved shirts and pants, refrain from using perfume, avoid using bright lights or making loud noises, and steer clear of fast-moving objects, all of which can provoke hornets to attack. If you are unfortunate enough to be attacked, try waving your clothing to divert the hornets’ path, or throw something in the opposite direction of your escape route. Pay special attention to protecting your head and eyes, then calmly walk away from the area.
If you are stung by hornets, Dr. Huang Bo from Puli Christian Hospital advises seeking medical attention immediately. Treatment may include adrenaline, anti-allergy and anti-inflammatory steroids, and antihistamine medications to alleviate potentially fatal allergic reactions. As for using ammonia water, it can only slightly relieve pain and does not prevent the venom from causing further harm. Hikers who know they have allergies should carry life-saving medication with them when heading into the mountains.