Zhoujiazhuang Site

　　Era: Neolithic Age

　　Address: East of Zhoujiazhuang Village, Hengshui Town, Jiang County

　　Situated on the western foothills of the Zhongtiao Mountain Range, the terrain slopes from north to south, with the Sushui River to the south. The site was discovered in the 1950s and currently covers an area of 100,000 square meters. The discovered remains include ash pits and tombs. Artifacts are mainly pottery. The pottery types are predominantly clay red pottery, followed by sand-tempered reddish-brown pottery and clay gray pottery. Among the clay pottery, plain and painted pottery are most common, while sand-tempered pottery is mostly decorated with cord marks. Painted pottery is all black in color, with patterns typically formed by continuous arc-shaped triangles or hooked leaf motifs. Vessel types include drum-bellied basins, double-lipped pointed-bottom bottles, pots, and narrow-mouthed jars or urns. Judging from the texture, color, and shape characteristics of the unearthed pottery, the site exhibits typical features of the Yangshao Miaodigou cultural type.

　　Recently discovered Longshan-period remains include moats, house foundations, pottery kilns, ash pits, and tombs. A moat about 10 meters wide, located at the bottom and dating back earliest, is among the oldest remains; its full length and orientation remain to be further investigated. Above and around the filled-in moat are numerous pottery kilns, houses, and various ash pits. Five pottery kilns have been found, scattered across different areas of the excavation site, with some larger ash pits nearby, likely serving as soil extraction pits related to the kilns. Ten house foundations have been discovered, not clustered closely together, all small structures of around 10 square meters, including both pit-houses and semi-pit-houses, with the pit-houses being earlier in date. Both types of houses feature smooth, flat white lime floors. The ash pits come in a variety of shapes, including bag-shaped, straight-walled, pot-bottom, and irregular forms. In addition to serving as soil extraction pits, they were also used as storage pits and domestic waste pits.