Yanbian Yellow Cattle

Yanbian Yellow Cattle

　　Yanbian Yellow Cattle are the result of over 150 years of hard work and careful breeding by the people of various ethnic groups in Yanbian.

　　Yanbian Yellow Cattle are sturdy in build, well-proportioned, with well-developed muscles, solid bones, and a broad, deep body frame. Their hooves are large, round, and firm, while their skin is relatively thick and elastic. Their coat is long and dense, mostly yellow in color. Bulls have well-shaped heads, while cows have delicate features, large and bright eyes, square muzzles, and generally light brown or sometimes black-spotted noses. Their horns are round, with dense keratin, usually in a straight or inverted V shape. Bulls have well-developed neck crests, high and wide withers, while cows have lower and flatter withers, with more sharply sloping rumps. They have broad foreheads and thick necks that are raised, with cows often having “Dragon Gate”-shaped horns. Their udders are well developed, and their coat colors range across various shades of yellow.

　　Average body measurements and weight of Yanbian cattle: Adult bulls stand 130.6 cm tall and weigh 450 kg, while cows measure 121.8 cm in height and weigh 350 kg. Maximum pulling strength is 445.3 kg for bulls and 252.3 kg for cows; load-carrying capacity is 600 kg for bulls and 400 kg for cows. On flat ground, bulls can carry 172.5 kg and travel 28 km per day, compared to cows carrying 133.8 kg and traveling 24 km. In mountainous areas, bulls can carry 135 kg and walk 22 km daily, while cows carry 105 kg and travel 20 km.

　　 The age of sexual maturity is 14 months for bulls and 13 months for cows, with a reproductive survival rate ranging from 55.14% to 75.73%.

　　 Their reproductive lifespan is 15 to 22 years. The average birth weight of calves is 20–25 kg, and they are typically weaned at 4–6 months of age.

　　 Yanbian Yellow Cattle have a lactation period of 6–7 months, producing 500–700 kg of milk with a fat content of 5.8%–6.6%.

　　 Yanbian Yellow Cattle have good meat performance. According to recent preliminary trials, 24-month-old bulls that have undergone short-term rapid fattening weigh 471.5 kg, with a carcass weight of 275.3 kg, a slaughter rate of 57.8%, and a feed-to-weight ratio of 4.125:1.

　　 For 24-month-old bulls without fattening, the weight is 336.8 kg, carcass weight is 187.4 kg, slaughter rate is 55.62%, and lean meat rate is 42.93%.