Former Site of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party

Former Site of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party

The former site of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party is a Guangdong Provincial Cultural Relics Protection Unit and a classic red tourism destination.

The former site of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party in the Republican-era Guangzhou is located at No. 194 to 200 Wenming Road, Guangzhou (originally No. 75 to 81 Wenming Road). It is a three-story building consisting of four interconnected units, built with brick and wood, featuring wooden floors, facing south and backed by the north. The four units are internally connected via doors. Each unit is 4 meters wide and 12.8 meters deep. In 1924, the CCP’s offices were not publicly disclosed; they registered with the authorities under the alias “Guan Dong Qu” (a homophone for “Guangdong District”), which later became the code name for the Guangdong Committee. The National Liberation Association and the preparatory office of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions also initially had offices on the second floor, and signs for these two organizations were hung at the entrance for cover.

The Guangdong Committee was one of the earliest regional party committees established in China. In 1922, the Executive Committee of the Guangdong District of the CCP was formed, led by Tan Pingshan. In October 1924, Zhou Enlai took over as the head of the district committee. In the spring of 1925, Chen Yannian became the secretary. The committee originally oversaw Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, and by early 1926, its jurisdiction expanded to southern Fujian, Yunnan, Guizhou, and even parts of Southeast Asia. The committee had departments such as Organization, Propaganda, Labor (Labor Affairs Commission), Peasants (Peasant Affairs Commission), Military (Military Affairs Commission), Women (Women’s Affairs Commission), Supervisory Committee, and General Office, along with a Presidium (Standing Committee) to strengthen collective leadership. The various departments of the committee were located on the third floor. Zhou Enlai and Xiong Xiong served successively as heads of the Military Affairs Commission; Peng Pai and Ruan Xiaoxian as secretaries of the Peasant Affairs Commission; Liu Erzong and Huang Ping as heads of the Labor Affairs Commission; Deng Zhongxia as secretary of the Chinese workers’ delegation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong Strike Committee; Cai Chang, Deng Yingchao, and Ou Mengjue as secretaries of the Women’s Affairs Commission; Zhang Tailei as head of the Propaganda Department and editor-in-chief of the official publication People’s Weekly; Mu Qing as head of the Organization Department; Lai Yurun as Secretary-General; and Luo Yinong, Yang Yin, Yang Pao’an, Lin Weimin, and Li Sen among others who held leadership positions in the committee. The office of the Guangdong District of the Communist Youth League was also located on the second floor, with Ruan Xiaoxian, Liu Erzong, Zhang Shanming, Yang Shanjí, and Huang Juren serving successively as secretaries. Both People’s Weekly and Young Pioneers were published here. The central party’s official publication China Youth and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions' official publication Workers’ Path were also temporarily headquartered here. Mao Zedong, Lin Zuhuan, Li Fuchun, Wu Yuzhang, and others frequently visited the committee to discuss matters. Lu Xun, He Xiangning, and Ho Chi Minh also met with Chen Yannian here.

On April 15, 1927, the Kuomintang reactionaries launched a coup in Guangzhou, and the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the CCP was destroyed. By the end of April, the committee relocated to Hong Kong.

The original site has been restored and turned into a memorial museum.

In July 1962, the People’s Government of Guangdong Province designated it as a cultural relics protection unit.

Zhu Guang Subdistrict: Zhu Guang Subdistrict Supervision (Complaints) Hotline: 83186939

Government Office – Zhu Guang Subdistrict Office – Statistics Office 83180330, Room 202, No. 54 Zhu Guang Road, Yuexiu District, 510110

Government Office – Zhu Guang Subdistrict Office – Party Member Service Station 83190657, 83185060, No. 4 Haibang Street, Yuexiu District, 510110

Government Office – Zhu Guang Subdistrict Office – Public Voice Station 83184727, No. 6 Changhou Street, Yuexiu District, 510110

… Zhu Guang Subdistrict Detailed Information++

Further Reading:

· First Batch of Guangdong Provincial Cultural Relics Protection Units