Bahrain Trade Port Archaeological Site
The Bahrain Trade Port Archaeological Site was inscribed on the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List in 2005 due to its important archaeological remains. Situated on the island of Bahrain, the Qal’at al-Bahrain archaeological site is a typical tell — an artificial mound formed by successive layers of human habitation. The 300×600-meter mound bears witness to continuous human settlement from around 2300 BCE to the 16th century CE.
About 25% of the Qal’at al-Bahrain Archaeological Site has been excavated, revealing various types of structures including residential buildings, public facilities, commercial, religious, and military installations. These findings demonstrate the site’s importance as a trading port over the centuries. Atop the 12-meter-high mound stands a majestic Portuguese fort, from which the entire site derives its name “Qal’at,” meaning fort. The Qal’at al-Bahrain Archaeological Site is the capital of the Dilmun civilization, one of the most important ancient civilizations in the region. This culture is known today primarily from Sumerian texts, yet this site preserves its richest physical remains.
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