Chengtoushan Site

Chengtoushan Site

The Chengtoushan Site is located in Benhu Village, Dazhuo Township, Jurong County. It was discovered in 1957 and excavated in 1983 by the Nanjing Museum, covering an excavation area of 1,000 square meters. The remaining site area is approximately 20,000 square meters, taking the form of a soil mound about 10 meters above the ground, with cultural layers over 5 meters thick. Based on the characteristics of the cultural relics, the site’s cultural layers can be divided into those from the Neolithic Age, as well as deposits corresponding to the Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, and early Spring and Autumn periods. A total of 57 tombs, two house foundations, and 14 ash pits have been discovered.

The Neolithic cultural relics mainly include pottery ding (tripods), ? (vessels), dou (stemmed bowls), cups, hu (jars), guan (vessels), stone knives, axes, adzes, as well as jade huang (arc-shaped pendants), bracelets, and yuàn (large rings). Some of the pottery items share characteristics with late-period Songze culture artifacts, dating to roughly the same era. Cultural relics corresponding to the Xia, Shang, and Zhou periods include pottery ding, ?F, guan, li (tripod cauldrons), ?, dou, bowls, stone knives, axes, adzes, chisels, bronze scrapers, and arrowheads. These items are representative of the typical Hushu culture, particularly notable for their horned-handle li, high-grade semi-solid-foot ? vessels, and abundant decorative patterns of ladder-like grids.