By Lai Peixuan | Photography by Chi Binghui
The majestic Kumamoto Castle, built in 1607 by Kato Kiyomasa, boasts a history of over 400 years and is ranked among Japan’s Three Great Castles alongside Osaka Castle and Nagoya Castle. Widely praised for his exemplary governance and strategic foresight, Kato Kiyomasa also had the foresight to plant numerous ginkgo trees within the castle grounds in anticipation of prolonged sieges requiring substantial food supplies. This earned Kumamoto Castle the nickname “Ginkgo Castle.”
A closer look at Kumamoto Castle reveals its indestructible stone walls, uniquely designed with a slanted structure that makes them difficult for enemies to climb—earning them the formidable title “Warrior-Repelling Walls.” The renowned “Uto Yagura,” located at the northwest corner of the honmaru (main bailey), is as large as the tenshu (main keep) of an average smaller castle and is even referred to as the “Third Tenshu.” It is one of the few remaining all-wooden structures of Kumamoto Castle and has been designated as an Important Cultural Property of Japan.
The most important tenshu (main keep) of the castle was reconstructed in 1960.
After the Meiji Restoration, Kumamoto Castle became a key target during the Satsuma Rebellion, suffering significant damage—including the destruction of the tenshu at the highest point of the honmaru. The current tenshu was reconstructed in 1960 using reinforced concrete and now serves as a museum dedicated to the 400-year history of Kumamoto.
The tenshu offers panoramic views of the city of Kumamoto.
Due to its vast grounds, visitors can spend 1–2 hours exploring this famous Japanese castle, or opt for a guided tour. At the entrance of the tenshu, costumed guards and ninjas create an immersive time-travel experience. Additionally, in spring, the castle grounds become a renowned spot for cherry blossom viewing, where blooming sakura complement the ancient fortress, lending a softer beauty to its otherwise imposing presence.