Wuping City of Luyi

　　The former site of Wuping City is located in Wupingcheng Village, Qiuxi Township, 20 kilometers west of Luyi County. Originally named Wumingcheng, the village is 0.5 kilometers south of Caowangzhuang, 1 kilometer east of Liufuyuan, 0.5 kilometers west of Dingzhuang, and 1.5 kilometers north of Baizhuang. The Baigou River runs through the city from the southeast. It was listed as a county-level key cultural relics protection unit in 1978.

　　According to the Guangxu edition of the "Luyi County Annals" from the Qing Dynasty: “Wuping City was a county during the Han Dynasty. The Commentary on the Water Classic states: ‘The Guoshui River flows eastward, passing north of the old site of Wuping City.’ In the first year of Jian’an (196 AD), Emperor Xian appointed Cao Cao as Grand General and enfeoffed him as the Marquis of Wuping, making this city his fief. According to the ‘Treatise on Geography’ in the Book of Wei, Wuping City was established during the Zhengshi era (240–249 AD, the reign title of Cao Fang of the Wei Dynasty). From this, we know that Wuping had once been abolished. It was only reinstated as a county during the reign of Emperor Xuanwu of Wei. Though the county was reinstated, there was also an old city within its jurisdiction, and there is no doubt that the new and old establishments were not located in the same place. Whether the current ruins date back to the Han or Wei period remains undetermined.”

　　Today, only a section of ruins remains at the site of Wuping City — in the northeast corner. These ruins stand 2.5 meters high, stretch 62 meters in length, and are 8 meters wide, running east-west. Measurements indicate that the eastern wall is 330 meters long from north to south, while the western wall is 350 meters. Both the southern and northern walls are 700 meters long, forming an overall rectangular shape. Within the remaining northeastern wall, artifacts such as rope-patterned tiles, tubular tiles, and bronze discs have been found. The tiles are made of gray clay. There are also fragments of blue bricks and pieces of red earthenware, though their shapes can no longer be identified. On-site investigation shows that the walls were built with rammed earth, with layers 10–15 centimeters thick and ramming pits about 15 centimeters in diameter. As most of the walls have been lost and no excavations have been conducted, details about the city gates and internal layout remain unknown.

　　In the northern part of the city, there was once a cluster of temples that flourished before the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, with over 100 rooms and more than 30 stone tablets, most dating from the Ming and Qing dynasties. During the construction of the Xuanwu Dam in 1958, the tablets were mostly destroyed. With the loss of these inscriptions, the original founding dates of the temples cannot be verified.

　　Although only a few ruins of Wuping City remain, they still hold certain reference value for studying the historical geography of the Three Kingdoms and Wei-Jin periods.

　　Spring and Autumn Period (770–476 BC)

　　To the northwest of Taiqinggongji, Xiang was established as an administrative center; to the north of Mapu, Zi Wu; to the northeast of Daxinji, Minglu; and to the east of today's county seat, Ku — all under the State of Chen.

　　Warring States Period (475–221 BC)

　　In the 25th year of Qin Shi Huang (222 BC), after Qin conquered Chu, Ku County was established and initially placed under Yingchuan Commandery, later transferred to Dang Commandery.

　　Qin Dynasty (221–207 BC)

　　In the first year of the Second Emperor (209 BC), Chen Sheng and Wu Guang marched westward from Daze Township and captured Ku County.

　　Western Han Dynasty (206 BC–24 AD)

　　In the first year of Emperor Gaozu (206 BC), Ku County belonged to the Han Huaiyang Commandery.

　　In the 11th year of Emperor Gaozu, Ku County came under Yanzhou Huaiyang Kingdom, and Ningping County (now part of Dancheng County) was established southwest of Ku County.

　　In the first year of Emperor Wen (179 BC), Huaiyang Kingdom was changed back to a commandery, restored as a kingdom in the fourth year, and again changed to a commandery in the 11th year, during which both Ku County and Ningping remained under its jurisdiction.

　　In the second year of Emperor Jing (155 BC), Huaiyang Commandery was restored as a kingdom. In the third year, the Huaiyang Kingdom was abolished, and Ku County was reassigned to Pei Commandery.

　　In the third year of Yuankang (63 BC), Huaiyang was again made a kingdom, and Ku County came under its jurisdiction.

　　During the Xin Mang period (8–23 AD), Ku County was renamed Lailing and remained under Huaiyang Kingdom.

　　Eastern Han Dynasty (25–220 AD)

　　In the first year of Jianwu (25 AD), Lailing was renamed back to Ku County. The western part was established as Wuping County, governed from Wuping City, and together with Ningping County, both came under Yuzhou Huaiyang Kingdom.

　　Three Kingdoms Period (220–265 AD)

　　In the second year of Jingchu of Wei (238 AD), Ku, Wuping, and Ningping were under the jurisdiction of the Wei Yuzhou Chen Commandery (Kingdom), and later transferred to Qiao Commandery.

　　Western Jin Dynasty (265–317 AD)

　　During the reign of Emperor Wu (265–289 AD), Ku and Wuping first belonged to Yuzhou Chen Commandery, then were incorporated into Liang Kingdom. Ningping was abolished and divided between Ku and Wuping.

　　Eastern Jin Dynasty (317–420 AD)

　　In the third year of Xiankang (337 AD), Ku County was renamed Fuyang and came under Yuzhou.

　　Northern and Southern Dynasties (420–589 AD)

　　From the first year of the Yongchu era (420 AD) to the third year of the Shengming era (479 AD) during the Liu Song Dynasty, Fuyang and Wuping were part of Chen Commandery under Yuzhou of the Song.

　　During the Zhengguang era (520–524 AD) of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Fuyang was renamed Guyang and came under Chenliu Commandery of Yanzhou.

　　Sui Dynasty (581–618 AD)

　　In the third year of the Kaihuang era (583 AD), Wuping was under Qiao Commandery of Yuzhou.

　　In the sixth year of the Kaihuang era, Guyang was reestablished with its seat in present-day Taiqinggongji, and it belonged to Qiao Commandery.

　　In the eighteenth year of the Kaihuang era, Wuping County was abolished and renamed Luyi.

　　In the thirteenth year of the Daye era (617 AD), Tian Heishe, leader of a peasant uprising, occupied Luyi and renamed the county as Wozhou.

　　Source: Website of the People's Government of Luyi County