Osmanthus-Scented Pear

Osmanthus-Scented Pear

　　Variety Name: Osmanthus-Scented Pear

　　Breeding Institutions: Quanzhou County Fruit Production Technology Guidance Station, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Fruit Production Technology Guidance Station

　　Variety Source: Bud mutation of Yuanhuang Pear

　　Characteristics: Moderate tree vigor, spreading and sturdy branches. Leaves are broadly elliptic, green and glossy, with medium-sized serrations on the edges, acuminate leaf tips, and an average leaf length of 11.5 cm, width of 6.1 cm, and petiole length of 5.8 cm. One-year-old branches are yellowish-brown with large and dense lenticels. High sprouting rate and moderate branching ability. Flower buds form easily, are plump and large, flowers are white with abundant pollen. Fruits are flat-round, with longitudinal diameter of 68.3 mm and transverse diameter of 83.7 mm, average single fruit weight of 294 grams, maximum fruit weight of 675 grams. Calyx fully abscised, fruit surface smooth and flat, with small and sparse lenticels, pedicel length of 3.9 cm, cavity depth of 1.12 cm. Fruit skin is moderately thick, flesh is white, with few stone cells, aromatic, small core, edible rate of 79%, soluble solids content of 12.8%–14.5%. Young fruits are brown, turning golden yellow (bagged) or dark red (unbagged) upon maturity. Fruits can be stored at room temperature for about 15 days and refrigerated for about 60 days.

　　Yield Performance: From 2010 to 2011, yield tests were conducted on trees planted in 2008 at Xiexi Orchard in Miaotou Town, Quanzhou County, with an average yield of 1215.2 kg per mu. In 2010, two-year-old trees in Longshui Town yielded an average of 13.7 kg per tree, while three-year-old trees in 2011 averaged 28.3 kg per tree. In 2011, experts organized by the Office of the Crop Variety Approval Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region conducted acceptance tests in Quanzhou County, finding an average single fruit weight of 259 grams, average yield of 26.1 kg per tree, 1224.8 kg per mu, edible rate of 79%, and soluble solids content of 12.6%.

　　Cultivation Points: 1. Select sites with loose, fertile, deep soil, good sunlight, convenient irrigation and drainage, and low wind speed for planting. Planting density is 3 m × 4 m, with planting pits 1 m long and wide, and 0.6–1 m deep. Each pit should be layered with 25–50 kg of organic fertilizer (such as livestock manure and weeds), 1 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and 0.5 kg of lime. Plant 56 trees per 667 m². 2. Adopt an open-center system with three main branches or a spaced-layered canopy structure. 3. From April to August in the planting year, apply water-fertilizer every 15 days, using biogas slurry or diluted well-rotted manure mixed with 0.5%–1% urea solution. From March to August in the second year, apply top-dressing 1–2 times per month. After June, ensure proper application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, such as applying 0.15 kg of compound fertilizer per plant in furrows each time. Every September–October, combine with deep soil tillage and apply 30–40 kg of well-rotted manure and 2 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer per plant. During the fruiting period, apply four types of fertilizer annually: bud-break fertilizer, fruit-development fertilizer, post-harvest fertilizer, and base fertilizer. Bud-break fertilizer: apply before bud break in early March, with 0.5–0.8 kg of compound fertilizer per plant in shallow trenches; fruit-development fertilizer: apply in late May, with 2–5 kg of well-rotted bran fertilizer or 1–3 kg of compound fertilizer per plant; post-harvest fertilizer: mainly fast-acting fertilizers, with 0.5–1 kg of compound fertilizer per plant; base fertilizer: apply in September–October along with deep soil cultivation, with 30–40 kg of well-rotted manure and 2 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer per plant. 4. Spray 0.2% boron fertilizer once during the flower bud stage, and spray Green Wang No. 1 fruit protection agent once during initial flowering and once after flowering. After fruit setting, thin fruit appropriately for trees with heavy loads. When a layer of wax forms on the surface of young fruits in mid-May, bag them promptly. 5. Focus on preventing pear rust, ring rot, black spot, scab, aphids, pear erineum mite, pear lace bug, and fruit-piercing moths.

　　Approval Opinion: Upon review, this variety meets the General Rules for the Approval of Non-Staple Crop Varieties and is approved for cultivation throughout the region.