Liberation of Hainan Island Campaign Martyrs' Cemetery

Liberation of Hainan Island Campaign Martyrs' Cemetery

The Liberation of Hainan Island Campaign Martyrs' Cemetery is a classic red tourism destination.

The Liberation of Hainan Island Campaign Martyrs' Cemetery (formerly known as Haikou Jinniuling Revolutionary Martyrs' Cemetery) is a key revolutionary memorial building protected by Hainan Province, as well as a base for national defense education, patriotic education, and youth revolutionary tradition education in both Hainan Province and Haikou City. It is located within Jinniuling Park at No. 102 Haixiu Middle Road, Haikou City. The managing authority is the Haikou Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau.

The Liberation of Hainan Island Campaign Martyrs' Cemetery was established in 1957 by the Hainan Administrative Office of Guangdong Province, the Haikou People's Committee, and the headquarters and political department of the Hainan Military Region of the Chinese People's Liberation Army to commemorate the martyrs who had long fought in the revolutionary struggle on Qiong Island and those who bravely died during the sea-crossing operations. Covering an area of 93.08 mu (approximately 6.2 hectares) with a construction area of 720 square meters, the entire cemetery is solemn and dignified, with evergreen pines and cypresses and a serene environment.

At the front of the Liberation of Hainan Island Campaign Martyrs' Cemetery stands a large conical collective tomb for unnamed martyrs. Originally built at the site of the Battle of Baishamen, it was relocated to its current location in 1983. In front of the tomb is a stone stele, with the front engraved with the inscription by Comrade Zhu De on January 27, 1957: “Eternal Glory to the Sea-Crossing Heroes.” The back bears a lengthy inscription titled “In Memory of the Martyrs of Baishamen,” erected by the Hainan Administrative Office, the Haikou People's Committee, and the headquarters and political department of the Hainan Military Region. Behind the tomb are individual martyr graves, including those of more than 110 revolutionary martyrs and comrades such as Li Zhenya, Wang Bailun, Huang Hun, Wang Yexi, Fu Mingjing, and Liu Qiuju. In 1988, a columbarium for martyrs was built in front of the cemetery. In April 2004, the tomb of the Qiongya Underground Student Federation martyrs was also relocated here.

Source: Research Office of the Hainan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China

Li Zhenya (1908–1948), originally named Li Rong, also known as Li Bochong, Li Cong, and Li Chong, was born in 1908 into a poor peasant family in Dafeng Village, Jinping Town, Teng County, Guangxi. Orphaned at a young age, he was raised by his grandfather. After two years of private schooling, he dropped out due to poverty, left home to work odd jobs in Wuzhou, and later apprenticed as a tailor. In 1926, he joined the army under Li Mingrui. In 1929, he served as an adjutant in the Fourth Battalion of the Guangxi Guard Corps. On December 11 of the same year, he participated in the Baise Uprising led by Deng Xiaoping, serving as an adjutant at the headquarters of the Red Seventh Army and overseeing logistics. He joined the… [Li Zhenya detailed information++]

Wang Bailun (1903–1946), originally named Wang Yucai, was from Xiayun Village, Hongqi Town, Qiongshan County (now part of Haikou City), Hainan. Born in 1903 into a poor peasant family, his father was an illiterate farmer, and his mother, Madam Lin, was a kind, hardworking, and honest rural woman. His elder brother, Wang Yucai (different character), after graduating from middle school, worked as a teacher at both Tandemen Primary School and Longfa Primary School. Influenced by the May Fourth Movement, he embraced Marxism-Leninism, joined the Communist Party of China, and was executed in Fucheng in 1927.

Due to family poverty, Wang Bailun did not receive much schooling in his early years. In his youth, he went to Siam (now Thailand) with relatives… [Wang Bailun detailed information++]

Huang Hun, originally named Fu Quanzhong, was born in 1903 in Yongwo Village, Shiqiao Township (now Meirenpo Township), Qiongshan County, Hainan Province. The second of three brothers, he studied at the local village primary school and Jiangbian Higher Primary School. In the autumn of 1922, he was admitted to Qiongshan Middle School with outstanding results and graduated in the autumn of 1926. Later, he married Madam Lin by arrangement of his parents.

During his middle school years, Huang Hun was a diligent student, lively in personality, independent in thought, and ambitious with courage and vision. He was one of the leading student figures at Qiongshan Middle School. At the time, imperialist aggression and feudal warlord rule caused widespread suffering among the people… [Huang Hun detailed information++]

Wang Yexi (1899–1947), courtesy name Jiefu, was from Maotang Village, Lezhong Township, Lezhong County (now Qionghai City), Hainan. He was one of the founders of the CCP organization in Chengmai. In 1917, he was admitted to the Guangdong Qionglu East Road Middle School (now Jiaji Middle School) and graduated in 1921. He then taught at the elementary school in Wenpo, Wenquanpo. At the end of that year, he went with fellow villagers to Singapore to make a living and was hired to teach at Yuying Primary School. In 1922, he returned to China and was admitted to the Far East Commercial Specialized School in Shanghai. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1925. After graduating in 1926, he was ordered to return to Qiong and served as the academic director at Chengmai Middle School, where he developed CCP… [Wang Yexi detailed information++]

Fu Mingjing, also known as Wen Guang, was born in June 1901 in Jiaotang Village, Dalu Town, Qiongdong County (now Qionghai City, Hainan Island), into a peasant family. His father, Fu Yongqing, his mother, Madam Zhang, and his stepmother, Madam Qi, all made a living through farming. Fu Yongqing was a reasonable and shrewd local figure who also traded goods in his spare time, helping the family make ends meet. Fu Yongqing and his wife had two sons and four daughters. They maintained strict discipline at home and gave their two sons the names Mingjing and Mingwei, hoping they would live upright lives, understand principles, be knowledgeable and reasonable, discern right from wrong, and uphold justice.

… [Fu Mingjing detailed information++]

Liu Qiuju (1899–1949)

Liu Qiuju, female, was from Qiongshan, Guangdong (now Hainan Province). Orphaned at a young age, she lived with her elder sister, making a living by fishing and doing odd jobs. At the age of 16, she married a poor salt worker from a neighboring village. Soon after, her husband went abroad to seek work but died in a foreign land. Her mother-in-law regarded her as a “jinx” and frequently abused her.

In January 1926 (the 15th year of the Republic of China), when the National Revolutionary Army crossed to Qiong, a peasant association was established in her village. She signed up to join and was elected as the women’s representative of the village peasant association. The secretary of the village CCP branch gave her the name Qiuju, and she thus acquired an official name. She led the women… [Liu Qiuju detailed information++]