After careful consideration, and taking into account cost, volume, and weight, the following suggestions and explanations are provided for the medicines in the outdoor activity first aid kit for hikers. Please refer to them as a reference:


I. Medicine Category:

1) Realgar:It can repel snakes and some insects. It is recommended that each person carry 100 grams (about 2-3 RMB).

2) Jidesheng Desheng Snake Medicine (Nantong Snake Pills):It can treat bites from venomous snakes and some poisonous insects. It is recommended to have one box for every ten people.

3) Fishing Brand Stomachache & Gastrointestinal Relief Tablets;It can treat discomfort due to new environments, stomachaches, diarrhea, etc.

4) “Antiduo Fu” Disinfectant (15ML/bottle):It provides effective wound disinfection, healing, and treatment of insect bite wounds (non-toxic, no need for alcohol to remove iodine, non-irritating). 5 RMB per bottle. It is recommended to bring 3 bottles (if you can’t find them, I can help purchase them from the hospital).

5) Nitroglycerin:It can relieve sudden vascular constriction and protect the heart. It is recommended to bring 1 bottle (4-5 RMB).

6) Cold medicine:There are many brands; choose your own.

7) Pain relief tablets:Used for emergency pain relief. They are harmful to the body, so it is recommended to use them as little as possible. 1 bottle.

8) Bondidi Antibacterial Wound Care Convenience Pack Recommended one pack per person.

9) One bottle of high-proof liquor:It can serve as a substitute for alcohol, and can also be taken orally to ward off cold.

10) Vaseline:Reduces friction in the groin area and other parts of the body.

11) Wan Ying Pain Relief Ointment:It can treat sprains and other non-bleeding injuries, as well as insect bites, dizziness, headaches, and other conditions. It is recommended to have one bottle for every 3-5 people.

12) Mosquito repellent:It can keep mosquitoes away. It is recommended that each person carry one bottle.

13) White vinegar:Distilled vinegar can be used for disinfection in field environments and for treating wasp stings. It can also be used in a vinegar fumigation method to help revive unconscious patients (requires an iron bowl that can withstand fire), and can soften bones stuck in the throat.

14) Bring one pack each of table salt and white sugar:Their solutions can be taken orally to treat dehydration and hypoglycemia.

15) Heatstroke medication:Such as Rendan or Shidishui, among which Shidishui can also be used to induce vomiting in case of toxic ingestion (you can also stimulate the throat with your fingers to induce vomiting).


Note: Replace iodine tincture with high-proof liquor. Tetanus is unlikely if proper disinfection is done at the time of injury, as there’s no time to recover in the wild, so use the best wound treatment — Universal Pain Relief Ointment.



II: Equipment:

1) One pack each of sterilized gauze and bandages (about ten pieces each), 10–20 packets of cotton swabs, 3 rolls of medical adhesive tape, and one cotton cloth mask per person (moistened to prevent gas poisoning).

2) Two sterilized blades, one razor, one pair of scissors, 3–5 clean disposable tablecloths.

3) One to two tourniquets, one breast pump, one set of acupuncture needles (if unavailable, sterilized sewing needles or silver needles can be used instead).

4) One iron bowl and one soup spoon that can withstand fire.

5) One thermometer, one flashlight, two tweezers.

6) Three to five pairs of sterile medical gloves.


Note:

(1) All medical instruments must be disinfected with Andofu or liquor (using cotton swabs for surface disinfection) before use. Gauze and bandages should be stored in three layers of clean bags.

(2) Wounds from trauma must be carefully disinfected with cotton swabs dipped in Andofu before bandaging. For wounds with heavy bleeding, stop the bleeding first, then disinfect and bandage.

(3) Do not handle any instruments directly with your hands. Clean your hands before bandaging.


Additionally, here’s another method we often used before:

1) If possible, hikers can wrap a thick sponge around their lower legs (around the calves) inside their pants (sprinkle some realgar on the outside of the sponge if available, then tie the pant legs tightly around the shoes with a rope). This prevents snake bites (snakes usually bite the calves and feet, and hiking boots prevent snakes from penetrating, while the sponge keeps them from biting through), bee stings, and also stops insects or leeches from crawling up your pants into your clothes to bite your skin.

2) Hikers are strongly advised to wear long sleeves and pants (with cuffs tied tightly) and gloves while moving outdoors, and carry an extra piece of clothing. This is to prepare for sudden attacks by swarms of bees—cover your head and neck with the clothing, drop to the ground, and stay still to reduce or avoid bee stings.

3) In the outdoors, regardless of encountering any animals or insects, stay calm. All creatures fear fire. Quickly soak a towel in liquor (or alcohol) and light it to protect the whole group. In case of large beasts or snakes, consider starting a bonfire on the spot (use a fire ring to encircle everyone if necessary) and call 110 for help immediately. At night, camp guards must know the location of lighters and alcohol.



Outdoor Survival Medicine Handbook


I. Antibiotic Medications

Norfloxacin Capsules Used for infections in organs and areas such as the respiratory tract, urinary system, digestive tract, gynecological system, skin, ENT, and soft tissues.

Midecamycin Used for various inflammations and abscesses caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, and Gonococcus.

Cefalexin Capsules Used for various inflammations, take 2–4 capsules each time, 3–4 times a day, reduce dosage for children. Not for those allergic to penicillin.

Acetylspiramycin Tablets Used for infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, Gonococcus, Treponema pallidum, and also for Mycoplasma pneumonia.

Tetracycline Tablets For respiratory, intestinal, and urinary tract infections. Take 2 tablets each time, 4 times a day. Use with caution in pregnant women and infants.

Oxytetracycline Tablets Function, dosage, frequency, and contraindications are the same as Tetracycline Tablets.

Berberine Tablets For intestinal infections. Take 2–3 tablets each time, twice a day, after meals. Use with caution in pregnant women.

Compound Sulfamethoxazole For respiratory, urinary tract, and intestinal infections. Take 2 tablets each time, twice a day, after meals. Contraindicated for those allergic to sulfonamide drugs.

Coptis & Scutellaria Tablets Clears heat and toxins, has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, used for pharyngitis, gingivitis, and constipation. Take 4 tablets each time, twice a day.

Bezoar Detoxification Tablets Clears heat and toxins, has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, used for pharyngitis, tonsillitis, gingivitis, oral ulcers, acute conjunctivitis, and boils.


II. Antiviral Medications

Virilon (Moroxydine) Inhibits various viruses. Used for colds, etc. Take 0.1g each time, 3 times a day.

Amantadine Anti-Asian influenza A2 virus and other viruses, used for influenza. Take 0.1g each time, twice a day.

Isatis Root Granules Clears heat and toxins, has antiviral effects, mainly used for colds, upper respiratory infections, and pharyngitis. Dissolve 1–2 sachets each time, 2–3 times a day.

Isatis Root Tablets Function is the same as Isatis Root Granules. Take 4 tablets each time, 3 times a day.


III. Common Respiratory System Medications

Quick-Acting Cold Capsules For colds and fever. Take 1 capsule each time, 3 times a day. Use with caution in patients with blood disorders.

Yinqiao Detoxification Tablets For early-stage colds. Take 4–6 tablets each time, twice a day.

Antelope Horn Detoxification Tablets For early-stage colds and high fever. Take 4–6 tablets each time, twice a day.

Antelope Horn Detoxification Pills Function is the same as Antelope Horn Detoxification Tablets. Take 1–2 pills each time, twice a day.

Bisolvon Used for dry cough without phlegm. Take 25 mg each time, 3–4 times a day.

Compound Liquorice Tablets Cough suppressant and expectorant. Take 1–2 tablets each time, 3 times a day. Not for long-term use.

Compound Fritillaria Loquat Tablets Cough suppressant and expectorant, used for feverish cough. Take 2–3 tablets each time, 3 times a day.

Vitamin C Yin Qiao Tablets Used for influenza, acute feverish illness with fever, headache and cough, fatigue in limbs, sore and swollen throat. Take 2–3 tablets each time, 3 times a day.

Throat Relief Sugar-coated Tablets Used for acute suppurative tonsillitis, pharyngitis, cold with fever, upper respiratory tract inflammation, boils. Take 4–6 tablets each time, 3–4 times a day. Reduce dosage for children.

Aminophylline Used for bronchial asthma. Take 1–2 tablets each time, 3 times a day.

Vitex Oil Pills Cough suppressant, expectorant, and anti-asthmatic. Used for chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma. Take 1–2 pills each time, 3 times a day.

Six God Pills Reduces swelling and detoxifies. Used for acute tonsillitis, pharyngitis, boils, abscesses, etc. Can be taken orally or applied externally. Take 10 pills each time, 1–2 times a day. Sucking the pills provides better efficacy. Reduce dosage for children. For external use, mix with hot water to form a paste and apply to affected area. Not for pregnant women.

Throat Remedy Pills Same as Six God Pills.

Herba Houttuyniae Lozenges Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, and analgesic. Used for oral and throat inflammation. Suck 1–2 lozenges each time, 2–4 times per hour, up to 10–20 lozenges per day.


IV. Common Medications for the Digestive System

Ranitidine Antacid, protects ulcer surfaces. Used for gastric ulcers, excessive stomach acid, and stomach pain. Take 150 mg each time, 2 times a day. One course of treatment lasts 4–6 weeks.

Cimetidine (Tagamet) Similar function to ranitidine, but less effective and with more side effects. Take 200 mg each time, 3 times a day. Take an additional 400 mg before bedtime. One course of treatment lasts 4–6 weeks.

Weisu Ping Inhibits stomach acid, protects ulcer surfaces. Used for excessive stomach acid, gastric ulcers, and stomach pain. Chew 2–4 tablets each time, 3–4 times a day. Should not be used with tetracycline. Contraindicated for glaucoma patients.

Probanthine Used for gastric ulcers, excessive stomach acid, gastritis, and gastrointestinal spasms. Take 15–30 mg each time, 3 times a day. Contraindicated for glaucoma patients.

Belladonna Extract Tablets Relieves gastrointestinal spastic pain. Take 8–15 mg each time, 3 times a day. Contraindicated in patients with glaucoma.

Gastroprokinetic (Metoclopramide) Used for vomiting, belching, excessive stomach acid, and bloating. Take 4–30 mg each time, 3 times a day.

Multienzyme Tablets Aids digestion and improves appetite. Take 1–2 tablets each time, 3 times a day.

Huoxiang Zhengqi Pills (or Liquid) Clears summer heat, removes dampness, harmonizes the stomach, and relieves vomiting. Used for bloating, vomiting, and heatstroke-related headaches. Take 1 tube each time, 2–3 times a day.

Furazolidone (Furazolidone) Used to treat bacterial dysentery, peptic ulcers, urinary tract infections, typhoid fever, and paratyphoid fever.

Phenolphthalein Tablets (Phenolphthalein) Has a mild laxative effect, used for habitual constipation.


V. Anti-Motion Sickness Medications

Dramamine Take 50 mg half an hour before departure; can be taken 3 times a day.

Motion Eaze Same as Dramamine.


VI. Antihistamines

Hismanal Tablets Take 1 tablet each time, once a day.

Chlorpheniramine Take 4 mg each time, 2–3 times a day.

Phenergan Take 12.5–25 mg each time, 2–3 times a day.

Cyproheptadine Take 4 mg each time, 3 times a day.


VII. Fever Reducers and Pain Relievers

Analgin Take 1 tablet each time, 3 times a day.

Paracetamol Tablets Take 0.5 g each time, 3 times a day. Reduce dosage for children.

Indomethacin Used for inflammatory pain such as arthritis. Take 25 mg each time, 2–3 times a day. Use with caution in people with digestive tract ulcers.

Piroxicam (Feldene) It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects, essentially similar to indomethacin. Take after meals, with a total daily limit of 40 mg. Use with caution in patients with blood disorders or a history of gastric ulcers.