Ramallah

　　Ramallah is the collective name for the two cities of "Ramallah" and "al-Bireh," a town in central Palestine that was originally within Jordanian territory. It is located at the top of the Judean Hills, near Jerusalem to the north, at an elevation of 872 meters. Ramallah was established during the 12th century under occupation, while the city of al-Bireh has a history dating back to the Canaanite era prior to 3500 BCE; al-Bireh is mentioned multiple times in the Bible, and legend has it that the Virgin Mary rested here on her way back to Nazareth.

　　Ramallah has stone ruins from the time of Herod the Great, but no complete buildings predating that era have survived. The Tell el-Mutesellim mound to the south of the city contains layers of ancient settlement remains, which may be the site of biblical Mizpah. Some scholars believe that the Tell en-Nasbeh mound southwest of the city is the actual site of the ancient city. Ramallah is the economic, cultural, and commercial center of Palestine. Surrounded by mountains with abundant springs, it enjoys a cool and pleasant summer climate. The surrounding area is fertile, primarily producing olives and grapes, making it a renowned summer resort on the West Bank, often referred to as the "Bride of Palestine."