查姆回教寺院尖塔和考古遗址

查姆回教寺院尖塔和考古遗址

　　查姆回教寺院尖塔和考古遗址于2002年被列入了世界文化遗产目录。宣礼塔是伊斯兰教标志性建筑，塔座一般与清真寺相连，该塔是世界上第二高的宣礼塔，修建于1194年，净高65米。查姆回教寺院尖塔和考古遗址是阿富汗被列入《世界遗产名录》的第一处世界遗产，但是此处世界遗产也面临着严重威胁，因此同时被列入《濒危世界遗产名录》。

　　查姆宣礼塔是公元1194年由古尔省的苏丹建造的，属砖质结构，上面雕有各种几何图案、花纹和铭文，建筑采用了10世纪开始从布哈拉发展起来的建造技术。查姆宣礼塔丰富的图案装饰标志着延续了几个世纪的，直到13世纪早期才逐渐衰落的古尔王朝的艺术发展顶峰，世界上最高的宣礼塔——德里的古德卜尖塔就是仿造查姆宣礼塔建造的。宣礼塔本身的美丽并不是它唯一吸引人的地方，关于它的许多方面还是个谜，但是不可否认的是查姆宣礼塔对于人们研究了解古尔王朝及中世纪伊斯兰的历史具有重要意义。

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