Qujialing Site

　　    A Neolithic site. Located 100 meters west of Qujialing Village in Jingshan County, Hubei Province, on a terrace where the Qingmudang River and Qingmu River converge. Central geographic coordinates: 112°50′ east longitude, 30°50′ north latitude. The site covers an area of about 3 million square meters, with cultural layers approximately 3 meters thick. It is the type site for the "Qujialing Culture."

　　    Discovered during a cultural relics survey for the construction of the Shilong Crossing River Reservoir in 1954, the site was excavated in 1955, 1956, and 1989. Discoveries include house foundations, burials, and storage pits. The house foundations are rectangular, with floors often paved with red fired clay blocks that contain densely packed layers of japonica rice husks. Some living surfaces were built as elevated earthen platforms featuring rows of symmetrically arranged postholes, indicating above-ground structures. Adult burials were mostly single pit graves, while children were interred in urn coffins. Unique burial customs such as multiple burials in one grave and tooth extraction have been found. Stone tools unearthed were mainly polished, including axes, chisels, spades, adzes, and arrowheads. Pottery is predominantly gray clay, with red and black clay types being less common. Decorations include string patterns, basketry patterns, as well as perforations and painted designs. Vessel shapes include tripods, jars, pot-like vessels, bowls, and three-legged dishes. Notably distinctive artifacts include painted pottery spinning whorls, double-curved wall pottery, painted black pottery, and eggshell-thin painted pottery. The Qujialing Culture was widely distributed across the Jianghan Plain, northwestern mountainous regions of Hubei Province, and areas bordering southwestern Henan and adjacent to Hubei, exhibiting strong regional cultural characteristics.

　　    In 1988, it was designated as part of the third group of Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level by the State Council.

　　    Location

　　    Qujialing Village, Jingshan County, Hubei Province