Rongchang Folding Fan

Rongchang Folding Fan

　　The folding fan, also known as a gathered-head fan, scatter fan, or bone-folded fan, is not only a folk

　　handicraft used for keeping cool in summer but also a highly decorative work of arts and crafts. It serves as an important prop in theatrical and dance performances. During the Northern Song Dynasty, the folding fan was introduced to China from Korea. In the Yongle era of the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Chengzu admired the fan’s convenience when unfolded and ordered artisans to produce them accordingly. This led to the widespread production of folding fans across the country, with “thousands of households in the region engaging in this craft.” The production of Rongchang folding fans began in the 30th year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1551) and has a history of nearly 450 years. Its products are known for their exquisite and elegant craftsmanship, enjoying fame since ancient times. Shen Defu (1578–1642), in his *Wanli Yehuo Pian*, noted: “Aside from those made in Wu, Sichuan fans are considered the finest. Their refined elegance suits scholars, while their resplendent beauty appeals to ladies.” Among Sichuan’s folding fans, Rongchang’s are the most renowned. Xie Wuliang once composed a couplet in praise of Rongchang folding fans: “In the Land of Fragrant Crabapple Blossoms, newly adorned painted beams stretch to the clouds, capturing all the charm of the Three Gorges; master artisans craft butterfly-patterned fine silk fans to ward off summer heat, bringing coolness across the land.”

　　　　Due to their meticulous craftsmanship and refined techniques, Rongchang folding fans showcase exquisite details and graceful forms within their compact size, making them both a unique everyday item and a treasured work of art. Since ancient times, Rongchang folding fans have been popular throughout China and even exported to countries such as India and Myanmar. In recent decades, the production of Rongchang folding fans has seen significant development, now encompassing 345 varieties including pure palm, whole nanmu, leather-backed, hard green, strung, whole palm, sandalwood, silk-faced, feather, and plastic types. Additionally, the painting technique has evolved into printed designs, making these fans widely used in tourism, cultural, and artistic sectors.