Site of the First Congress of the Communist Party of China in Western Fujian (Wenchang Pavilion)

Site of the First Congress of the Communist Party of China in Western Fujian (Wenchang Pavilion)

The Site of the First Congress of the Communist Party of China in Western Fujian (Wenchang Pavilion) is a cultural relic protection unit in Fujian Province and a classic red tourism destination.

The Wenchang Pavilion in Jiaoyang Village, Shanghang County, was built in the sixth year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1741) and took 13 years to complete by the nineteenth year. It is a tower-style earthen and wooden pavilion structure and is among the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in Fujian Province. Constructed with a brick-and-wood structure, this ancient tower-like building stands 26.9 meters tall, with the main pavilion appearing to have six stories externally but four internally, featuring a rare “cantilever beam” structure in China. The Wenchang Pavilion covers a total area of 1,500 square meters, with auxiliary structures nearby including the Tianhou Palace and the Wugu Palace. The Wenchang Pavilion was historically a gathering place for ancient literati, where events such as imperial examinations, literary gatherings, and worship ceremonies were held annually.

In mid-July 1929, Mao Zedong, along with He Zizhen, Cai Xiemin, Jiang Hua, and Zeng Zhongsheng, came to the Wenchang Pavilion in Jiaoyang Village, Shanghang, to guide the convening of the First Congress of the Communist Party of China in Western Fujian. At the congress, Mao delivered an important speech, pointing out that the task of the Party organization in Western Fujian was to consolidate and develop the red base area there. The congress passed the “Political Resolution of the First Congress of the Communist Party of China in Western Fujian,” drafted by Deng Zihui and personally revised by Mao Zedong, as well as resolutions on land issues, the Soviet government, women, and the Communist Youth League. It also established the general guideline of “resolutely leading the masses in the struggle to establish a worker-peasant government in Western Fujian.” After the congress, various regions in Western Fujian earnestly implemented the spirit of the “First Congress of Western Fujian,” presenting a heartening scene described as “vast skies and rivers frosted over for miles.”

Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893 – September 9, 1976), courtesy name Runzhi (originally Yongzhi, later changed to Runzhi), pen name Ziren. A native of Xiangtan, Hunan. He was the leader of the Chinese people, a Marxist, a great proletarian revolutionary, strategist, and theorist, as well as the principal founder and leader of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, and the People’s Republic of China. He was also a poet and calligrapher. From 1949 to 1976, Mao Zedong served as the paramount leader of the People’s Republic of China. His contributions to the development of Marxism-Leninism, military theory, and… More details about Mao Zedong++

Deng Zihui, originally named Shaogi, was born on August 17, 1896, in Dengcu Village, Dongxiao Town. His father, Deng Hongbi, practiced medicine before being hired as the principal of Tonggang Primary School. Deng Zihui attended Tonggang Primary School in his childhood and entered Longyan Middle School (later renamed the Ninth Provincial Middle School) at the age of seventeen. In the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), he organized and gave speeches protesting Yuan Shikai’s acceptance of Japan’s humiliating “Twenty-One Demands.” In the same year, he secretly joined the Chinese Revolutionary Party while in middle school.

In the sixth year of the Republic of China, he qualified for a government-sponsored study program in Japan with outstanding academic performance. The following May, he participated in the overseas… More details about Deng Zihui++

Zhang Dingcheng (1898–1981) was one of the main founders of the revolutionary base area in Western Fujian. A native of Yongding, Fujian, he joined the Communist Party of China in 1927. During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, he participated in and led armed uprisings of peasants in counties such as Longyan, Yongding, and Shanghang. During the Liberation War, he served as commander of the Central China Military Region. While working in Shandong, he held positions such as standing committee member and head of the Organization Committee of the East China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, he served as secretary of the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, concurrently as chairman of the provincial government and political commissar of the provincial military region, as well as fourth secretary of the East China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, and in East China… More details about Zhang Dingcheng++

Jiaoyang Village: (1) Located at the site of the Jiaoyang Town center, the village currently has a population of over 3,300 people, comprising 41 villager groups divided into 4 zones (namely Wwei Zone, Qianyang Zone, Shizhuang Zone, and Pingyang Zone). The village has 11 cadres on its two committees; there are 98 official party members and 3 probationary party members; and 50 retired cadres.

(2) Over the past ten years, Jiaoyang Village has undergone land requisitions for projects such as the Longgan Railway, National Highway 319, the Longchang Expressway, and industrial zone development. Most of the village’s arable land has been expropriated, and little forested land remains. As of now, the remaining mountainous area of the village is… More details about Jiaoyang Village++