Former Site of the Kuomintang Central Party Headquarters

Former Site of the Kuomintang Central Party Headquarters

The Former Site of the Kuomintang Central Party Headquarters is a National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit.

Former Site of the Senate of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China (Kuomintang Central Party Headquarters) – This building is located at No. 10 Hunan Road, Nanjing.

Constructed in 1910, this is a grand Western-style palatial building. It was designed and built by the famous Chinese industrialist Zhang Jian and his student Sun Zhixia, using a strictly symmetrical French Classical architectural form. Built in the first year of the Xuantong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1909) and completed in the second year (1910), it is a two-story brick-and-wood structure with a main building floor area of 5,610 square meters. It has now been listed as a National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit.

This site was once the location of the Jiangsu Advisory Council, as well as the headquarters of the Governor-General Zhang Xun during the Qing government period. In 1911, pioneers of the Xinhai Revolution gathered here to discuss the establishment of a provisional central government. In 1912, the Nationalist Government set up the Provisional Government Senate here, where Dr. Sun Yat-sen, a forerunner of China’s democratic revolution, was elected as the Provisional President. In 1935, Wang Jingwei—who gained notoriety for his attempted assassination of the Regent of the Qing court—was wounded here by the patriotic martyr Sun Fengming, causing an international sensation. From 1927 to 1949, it served as the headquarters of the Kuomintang Central Party. In June 1929, the remains of Dr. Sun Yat-sen were transferred from Beijing to Nanjing, where a three-day public memorial service was held in the small auditorium on the premises before he was laid to rest on Purple Mountain in Nanjing. After the liberation of Nanjing in 1949, the site was taken over by the People’s Liberation Army. This building is a living witness to modern Chinese history and is recorded in history as the first constitutional institution of the Republic of China.

In 1982, it was listed as one of the first batch of cultural relics protection units by the Nanjing Municipal People’s Government, and in 2001, it was designated as a National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit by the State Council.