Harbin Erlongshan Tourist Scenic Area

Harbin Erlongshan Tourist Scenic Area

Harbin Erlongshan Tourist Scenic Area is a national AAAA-level tourist attraction.

Heilongjiang Bin County Erlonghu Wetland Park is located in the southern part of Heilongjiang Province, 6 km southwest of Bin County town on the southern bank of the Songhua River. The geographical coordinates are between 45°41′59.8″N to 45°44′36.6″N and 127°23′33.9″E to 127°27′48.3″E, with a length of 5.44 km from east to west and a width of 4.90 km from north to south, covering a total area of 1,286.3 hectares.

Heilongjiang Bin County Erlonghu was approved as a national wetland park in 2012 by the National Forestry Administration. The wetland park area is bordered by the ring road lake to the east adjacent to Nanyang Village, to the west by the flood discharge channel neighboring Erlong Village, Yongle Village, and the Erlongshan residential area; to the south it connects with the first mountain ridge line adjoining Erlong Mountain Forest Farm, and to the north it neighbors Erlongshan Village along the ring road lake.

Erlonghu Wetland Park has a large water area, mainly consisting of lakes and marshes. The main soil types include black soil, albic soil, meadow soil, marsh soil, peat soil, alluvial soil, and paddy soil, with a wetland coverage rate as high as 75.63%. The wildlife resources in Erlonghu Wetland Park are relatively abundant. The park features a complex environment, encompassing large areas of lakes and marshes, as well as smaller patches of meadows and forests, showcasing a high diversity of wildlife habitats. Due to the extensive water area and abundant water resources, the park attracts various birds that nest and breed in forests and grasslands to forage. Large mammals are also often seen wandering along the shores of Erlong Lake to reside, forage, and drink. Additionally, the park’s waterlogged wetlands and small forested areas provide habitats for numerous wild animals. As a result, Erlonghu Wetland Park boasts a rich variety of wildlife, especially birds and fish, with large populations and wide distribution.

Surveys indicate that the park is currently home to 279 species of wildlife from 78 families across 30 orders, including 49 species of fish from 10 families under 4 orders; 8 species of amphibians from 5 families under 2 orders; 7 species of reptiles from 3 families under 2 orders; 181 species of birds from 46 families under 16 orders; and 34 species of mammals from 14 families under 6 orders. Nationally protected species include the critically endangered Oriental White Stork (Class I), and 30 Class II protected species such as the Asiatic Black Bear, Lynx, Yellow-throated Marten, Siberian Weasel, Sika Deer, and Mandarin Duck, making it an important component of the biological resources in the Harbin region.

Heilongjiang Bin County Erlonghu National Wetland Park is part of the foothills of the Xiaoling Range in the northwestern Zhangguangcai Mountains of the Changbai Mountain range, and its vegetation belongs to the Changbai plant system. The park hosts 364 species of higher plants, belonging to 183 genera within 64 families. Among these, there are 7 species of ferns from 5 genera in 4 families, accounting for 6.25% of the total number of families, 2.73% of the total number of genera, and 1.92% of the total number of species in the wetland park. Seed plants total 357 species, making up 98.08% of the total plant species in the park, and belong to 178 genera within 60 families, accounting for 93.75% of the families and 97.27% of the genera. Dominant plant families in the wetland park include Asteraceae, Poaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Liliaceae, Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Cyperaceae, Polygonaceae, and Fabaceae. These 11 dominant families comprise 60.22% of the total seed plant species in the area.

The ecological system within the Heilongjiang Erlonghu Wetland Park area mainly consists of river wetlands, herbaceous marsh wetlands, shrub marsh wetlands, reservoir wetlands, and other types of artificial wetlands. The Erlonghu wetland landscape is picturesque, featuring high wetland diversity and unpolluted water bodies, allowing the wetlands to perform their ecological functions effectively. Erlonghu Wetland Park is not only significant for the protection of wetland ecosystems but also plays an important ecological and social value in water conservation for Erlong Lake and the sustainable development of the regional economy.