Arrival and Transit

The main entry point for mainland Somalia is Mogadishu International Airport (MGQ). Most international flights connect through major hubs such as Addis Ababa, Nairobi, Dubai, and Istanbul, and are operated by African and Middle Eastern airlines. Flight schedules may change frequently due to security conditions. The primary airport for Somaliland is Hargeisa Airport (HGA), with connections through Dubai, Addis Ababa, and other cities. Entry requirements may differ from those for mainland Somalia. Always check the latest flight information with your airline before travel.

In-City Transportation

• Chauffeured Cars and Escorted Convoys: In cities such as Mogadishu, foreign visitors usually need to arrange transportation and security escorts through local operators. This is generally a requirement rather than an option.
• Taxis and Tuk-Tuks: Taxis and three-wheeled tuk-tuks are available, but are not considered safe for foreign travellers, and their solo use is not advised.
• Mobile Payment for Transport: Local transport is usually paid for via mobile payment systems like Zaad and EVC Plus, which are not available to tourists. Payment should be managed by your host or guide.

Inter-City and Land Travel

Road travel is the main form of transport within Somalia, but inter-regional roads may have armed checkpoints, blockades, and security risks. Long-distance land journeys are not recommended except when absolutely necessary. Even in the relatively more stable region of Somaliland, travel should be done during the day, in groups, and using reliable vehicles. Overland routes from Ethiopia or Kenya are also not recommended at this time.

Air and Sea Travel

Domestic flights between Somali cities are typically operated by small aircraft, with frequent changes to schedules and availability. Ports such as Berbera, Bosaso, and Kismayo are mainly used for cargo, with very limited passenger services. The Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean have experienced issues with piracy, and international vessels often use armed escorts. Private boats should not enter Somali waters.

Practical Advice

• All travel arrangements should be made through experienced local operators, and it is advisable to carry satellite communication devices.
• Carry copies of your passport and any necessary permits. Stay calm and follow instructions when passing through checkpoints.
• Again, travel to Somalia is not recommended due to safety concerns.
• In case of emergency, contact the nearest embassy or consulate, or the relevant 24-hour consular emergency service.