1. Stay Updated on Safety Advisories: Multiple safety advisories have been issued regarding the eastern and southeastern border areas between Mauritania and Mali, and it is advised to avoid these regions. If travel is essential, purchase travel insurance that includes emergency evacuation.
2. Avoid Mine-Infested Routes: Certain areas near the northern border with Western Sahara may still have landmines. If driving through these regions, stick to confirmed safe routes and hire a local guide.
3. Cash Is King: International credit cards are only accepted in a few urban locations. Exchange euros or U.S. dollars for the local currency, ouguiya, and carry plenty of small bills.
4. Plan Water Supply Carefully: In desert areas, estimate at least 4 liters of drinking water per person per day, and bring electrolyte supplements and common medications.
5. Protect Against Sun and Sand: A wide-brimmed hat, scarf, sunglasses, and high-SPF sunscreen are essential. In dusty conditions, wear a mask or covering for your mouth and nose.
6. Prepare for Temperature Swings: Days are extremely hot while nights can be cool. Bring warm clothing, especially if staying overnight in camps.
7. Respect Religious Customs: Dress modestly. During Ramadan, avoid eating or drinking in public. Remove shoes before entering a mosque.
8. Ask Before Taking Photos: Always get permission before photographing people, religious sites, or private courtyards. Avoid taking photos of government or military facilities.
9. Drink and Eat Safely: Drink only bottled water. Be cautious with raw or cold food in remote areas, and carry stomach medication.
10. Emergency Contacts: Dial 17 for police and 18 for fire services. Save the contact information for your country’s embassy or consulate in Mauritania and inform your family of your travel plans.

Pre-Departure Checklist

Prepare electronic and paper copies of your passport, visa, yellow fever vaccination certificate, and travel insurance policy. Carry cash primarily in euros and U.S. dollars, and distribute it in different places. Bring a scarf, sunscreen, common medications, water purification tablets, and a power bank. Before heading into the desert, arrange a daily check-in time with your family, and share your itinerary and guide’s contact details with your travel companions. Local communication and internet services may be unreliable in remote areas, so download offline maps in advance and consider bringing a satellite communication device or a local SIM card for emergencies.